Ibisobanuro birambuye bya PCBA (harimo na SMT inzira), injira urebe!
01. "Inzira ya SMT Itemba"
Kongera gusudira bivuga uburyo bworoshye bwo gushakisha bumenya guhuza imashini n'amashanyarazi hagati yo gusudira kumpera yibice byegeranijwe hejuru cyangwa pin hamwe na PCB mugushonga paste yagurishijwe yabanje gucapishwa kuri padi ya PCB. Inzira igenda ni: gucapa kugurisha paste - patch - gusubiramo gusudira, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo gikurikira.
1. Gucapa ibicuruzwa
Ikigamijwe ni ugukoresha umubare ukwiye wa paste yagurishijwe kuringaniza kuri paje yagurishijwe ya PCB kugirango harebwe niba ibice byapimwe hamwe nudupapuro twagurishijwe bihuye na PCB byongeye gusudira kugirango bigere kumashanyarazi meza kandi bifite imbaraga zihagije za mashini. Nigute ushobora kwemeza ko paste yagurishijwe ikoreshwa neza kuri buri padi? Tugomba gukora meshi. Igicuruzwa cyagurishijwe kiringaniye kuri buri cyuma cyagurishijwe hifashishijwe icyuma gisakara kinyuze mu mwobo uhuye n’icyuma. Ingero zicyuma gishushanyo mbonera cyerekanwe mubishusho bikurikira.
Igishushanyo mbonera cya Solder cyerekana igishushanyo gikurikira.
Icapa ryacapishijwe paste PCB irerekanwa mumashusho akurikira.
2. Patch
Ubu buryo ni ugukoresha imashini yinjizamo kugirango ushyire neza ibice bya chip kumwanya uhuye na PCB hejuru yubucuruzi bwacapishijwe ibicuruzwa cyangwa ibicuruzwa byanditseho.
Imashini za SMT zishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri ukurikije imikorere yazo:
Imashini yihuta: ibereye gushiraho umubare munini wibice bito: nka capacator, résistoriste, nibindi, irashobora kandi gushiraho ibice bimwe na bimwe bya IC, ariko ubunyangamugayo ni buke.
B Imashini rusange: ibereye gushiraho abo mudahuje igitsina cyangwa ibice bisobanutse neza: nka QFP, BGA, SOT, SOP, PLCC nibindi.
Igishushanyo cyibikoresho byimashini ya SMT irerekanwa mumashusho akurikira.
PCB nyuma yipaki yerekanwe mumashusho akurikira.
3. Kugarura gusudira
Reflow Soldring ni ubusobanuro busanzwe bwo kugurisha icyongereza Reflow salering, ni ihuriro ryumukanishi nu mashanyarazi hagati yibice byo guteranya hejuru hamwe na PCB igurisha PCB mugushonga paste yabagurisha kumasoko yumuzunguruko wumuzunguruko, bigakora uruziga rwamashanyarazi.
Kuzenguruka gusudira ninzira yingenzi mubikorwa bya SMT, kandi gushyiraho ubushyuhe buringaniye ni urufunguzo rwo kwemeza ubuziranenge bwo gusudira. Ubushyuhe budakwiye buzatera PCB gusudira inenge nko gusudira kutuzuye, gusudira kwuzuye, gusya ibice, hamwe nudupira twinshi two kugurisha, bizagira ingaruka kumiterere yibicuruzwa.
Igishushanyo cyibikoresho byerekana itanura ryo gusudira ryerekanwa mubishusho bikurikira.
Nyuma yo gutanura itanura, PCB yarangijwe no gusudira kwerekanwa irerekanwa mumashusho hepfo.
