Nubwo iki kibazo kidakwiriye kuvugwa kuri elegitoroniki ishaje yera, ariko kubatangira inshuti za microcontroller, hariho abantu benshi cyane babaza iki kibazo. Kubera ko ndi intangiriro, nkeneye kandi kumenyekanisha muri make icyo kwerekanwa aribyo.
Icyerekezo ni switch, kandi iyi switch igenzurwa na coil imbere. Niba coil ifite ingufu, relay irakurura kandi switch ikora.
Abantu bamwe nabo barabaza igiceri niki? Reba ku gishushanyo kiri hejuru, pin 1 na pin 2 nizo pin ebyiri za coil, pin 3 na pin 5 ubu ziranyuze, na pin 3 na pin 2 ntabwo. Niba ucometse muri pin 1 na pin 2, uzumva relay izimye, hanyuma pin 3 na pin 4 bizashira.
Kurugero, niba ushaka kugenzura on-off y'umurongo, urashobora guca nkana umurongo, impera imwe ihujwe na metero 3, impera imwe ihujwe na metero 4, hanyuma ukoresheje amashanyarazi no kuzimya coil , urashobora kugenzura kumurongo.
Ni voltage zingana iki kuri pin 1 na pin 2 ya coil?
Iki kibazo gikeneye kureba imbere ya relay ukoresha, nkicyo nkoresha ubu, urashobora kubona ko ari 05VDC, bityo ushobora guha 5V kuri coil yiyi relay, hanyuma relay ikazashushanya.
Nigute ushobora kongeramo voltage? Amaherezo twageze ku ngingo.
Urashobora gukoresha mu buryo butaziguye amaboko abiri kugirango ufate insinga ya 5V na GND mu buryo butaziguye kuri pin ebyiri za coil relay, uzumva ijwi.
Nigute dushobora kumuhinduranya na microcontroller? Turabizi ko pin imwe ya chip microcomputer pin ishobora gusohora 5V, ntabwo ihuzwa neza na chip microcomputer pin relay coil imwe, nibyiza?
Igisubizo ntabwo aribyo. Kuki?
Biracyari amategeko ya Ohm.
Koresha multimeter kugirango upime ubukana bwa coil relay.
Kurugero, kwihanganira coil yanjye ya relay ni 71.7 ohm, wongeyeho 5V voltage, ikigezweho ni 5 igabanijwe na 71.7 ni 0.07A, ni 70mA. Wibuke, ibisohoka ntarengwa bya pin isanzwe ya chip microcomputer imwe ni 10mA ikigezweho, naho umusaruro mwinshi wa pin nini nini ni 20mA (ibi birashobora kwerekanwa kuri datasheet ya microcomputer imwe).
Reba, nubwo ari 5V, ibisohoka bigezweho ubushobozi ni buke, kandi ntibishobora kugera kumurongo wogutwara ibinyabiziga, ntabwo rero bishobora gutwara relay.
Nibwo ukeneye kumenya ikintu. Kurugero, koresha triode S8050. Igishushanyo cyizunguruka niki gikurikira.
Reba datasheet ya S8050, S8050 ni umuyoboro wa NPN, umuyoboro ntarengwa wemewe wa ICE ni 500mA, urenze kure 70mA, kubwibyo rero ntakibazo rwose kijyanye na rezo ya S8050.
Niba urebye ku gishushanyo kiri hejuru, ICE ni ikigezweho kiva kuri C kijya kuri E, nicyo kigezweho mumurongo hamwe na coil relay. NPN triode, hano harahinduka, MCU pin isohoka 5V murwego rwo hejuru, ICE kumurongo bizashushanywa; SCM pin isohoka 0V urwego rwo hasi, ICE iraciwe, relay ntabwo ishushanya.
Muri ubwo buryo, valve ya solenoid nayo ni umutwaro ufite imbaraga nke zo guhangana nimbaraga nini, kandi birakenewe kandi guhitamo ibice bikwiye byo gutwara ukurikije amategeko ya Ohm yavuzwe haruguru.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-12-2023
