Evertiq yabanje gusohora urukurikirane rw'ingingo zireba isoko rya semiconductor ku isi uhereye ku bagurisha. Muri uru ruhererekane, isoko ryageze kubakwirakwiza ibikoresho bya elegitoronike hamwe ninzobere mu kugura kugirango bibande ku kibazo cya semiconductor iriho ndetse nicyo bakora kugirango abakiriya babone ibyo bakeneye. Kuri iyi nshuro babajije Colin Strother, umuyobozi wungirije wa Rochester Electronics, ufite icyicaro i Massachusetts.
Ikibazo: Ibicuruzwa byatanzwe byarushijeho kuba bibi kuva icyorezo. Nigute wasobanura ibikorwa mumwaka ushize?
Igisubizo: Ibibazo byo gutanga mumyaka ibiri ishize byatesheje agaciro ibintu bisanzwe. Ihungabana mu nganda, ubwikorezi ndetse n’ibiza byibasiwe n’icyorezo byateje urunigi rutangwa neza ndetse nigihe cyo gutanga igihe kirekire. Habayeho kwiyongera kwa 15% mu matangazo yo guhagarika ibice mu gihe kimwe, kubera impinduka zashyizwe imbere n’inganda z’abandi bantu ndetse n’inganda zongera gushora imari mu bimera hagamijwe kwiganza kwa bateri zifite ingufu nke. Kugeza ubu, isoko rya semiconductor ibura ni ibintu bisanzwe.
Rochester Electronics yibanda kumasoko ahoraho yo gutanga ibice bya semiconductor bihuye neza nubuzima burebure bwibisabwa nabakora ibikoresho. Twemerewe 100% nabashoramari barenga 70 ba semiconductor kandi dufite ibarura ryibice byombi bidahagaritswe kandi byahagaritswe. Icyibanze, dufite ubushobozi bwo gufasha abakiriya bacu bakeneye mugihe cyo kongera ibura ryibintu bitagikoreshwa, kandi nibyo rwose twakoze hamwe nibicuruzwa birenga miriyari byoherejwe mumwaka ushize.
Ikibazo: Mubihe byashize, mugihe cyibura ryibigize, twabonye ubwiyongere bwibigize impimbano bikubita isoko. Ni iki Rochester yakoze kugirango iki kibazo gikemuke?
Igisubizo: Urwego rutanga isoko rugenda rwiyongera kubisabwa no kugabanuka; Inzego zose zamasoko zagize ingaruka, hamwe nabakiriya bamwe bahura nigitutu gikomeye cyo gutanga no kwitabaza isoko yumukara cyangwa abadandaza batabifitiye uburenganzira. Ubucuruzi bwibicuruzwa byiganano ni binini kandi bigurishwa binyuze muriyi nzira yisoko yimvi kandi amaherezo byinjira mubakiriya ba nyuma. Iyo igihe aricyo kintu cyingenzi kandi ibicuruzwa ntibiboneka, ibyago byumukiriya wanyuma kuba igitambo cyimpimbano byiyongera cyane. Nibyo, birashoboka kwemeza ukuri kwibicuruzwa binyuze mugupima no kugenzura, ariko ibi biratwara igihe kandi biratwara amafaranga menshi, kandi hamwe na hamwe, ukuri ntikwijejwe neza.
Inzira yonyine yo kwemeza ukuri ni ukugura umucuruzi wemerewe kwemeza ubwoko bwibicuruzwa. Abacuruzi babiherewe uburenganzira nkatwe batanga isoko idafite ingaruka kandi niyo nzira yonyine yizewe yo gukomeza imirongo yabakiriya bacu ikora mugihe cyibura, kugabura no guta ibicuruzwa.
Mugihe ntamuntu numwe ukunda gushukwa nibicuruzwa byimpimbano, mwisi yibice nibigize, ibisubizo byo kugura ibicuruzwa byimpimbano birashobora kuba bibi. Ntibyoroshye kwiyumvisha indege yubucuruzi, misile cyangwa ibikoresho byubuvuzi bikiza ubuzima bifite ikintu cyingenzi kigizwe nimpimbano kandi zidakora neza kurubuga, ariko izi ni imigabane, kandi imigabane ni ndende. Kugura kubucuruzi bwemewe bukorana nuwabigize ibikoresho byumwimerere bikuraho izi ngaruka. Abacuruzi nka Rochester Electronics bafite uburenganzira 100%, byerekana ko bujuje ubuziranenge bwindege SAE AS6496.
Muri make, bemerewe nuwakoze uruganda rwumwimerere gutanga ibicuruzwa bikurikiranwa kandi byizewe bidakenewe kwipimisha ubuziranenge cyangwa kwizerwa kuko ibice biva mubikorwa byumwimerere.
Ikibazo: Ni irihe tsinda ryibicuruzwa ryibasiwe cyane nubuke?
Igisubizo: Ibyiciro byombi byibasiwe cyane no kubura amasoko ni ibikoresho rusange-bigamije (imiyoboro myinshi) nibicuruzwa byigenga aho ubundi buryo buke buhari. Nkibikoresho byo gucunga amashanyarazi nibikoresho byigenga. Mubihe byinshi, ibyo bicuruzwa biva ahantu henshi cyangwa bifite inzandiko zegeranye hagati yabatanga ibintu bitandukanye. Nyamara, kubera gukoreshwa kwinshi mubikorwa byinshi ninganda nyinshi, ibyifuzo byatanzwe byabaye byinshi, bigoye kubitanga kugirango bakomeze ibyifuzo.
Ibicuruzwa bya MCU na MPU nabyo bifite ibibazo byo gutanga amasoko, ariko kubwindi mpamvu. Ibi byiciro byombi bihura nimbogamizi zuburyo butandukanye, kandi abatanga isoko bahura nibicuruzwa bitandukanye kugirango babyaze umusaruro. Ibi bikoresho mubisanzwe bishingiye kumurongo wihariye wa CPU, ububiko bwinjizwamo, hamwe nuruhererekane rwimikorere ya periferique, hamwe nibisabwa byo gupakira, kimwe na software hamwe na code, bishobora no kugira ingaruka kubyoherezwa. Muri rusange, amahitamo meza kubakiriya ni kubicuruzwa kuba muri byinshi. Ariko twabonye imanza zikabije aho abakiriya bahinduye imbaho kugirango bahuze paki zitandukanye kugirango imirongo yumusaruro ikomeze.
Ikibazo: Wumva umeze ute uko isoko ryifashe ubu mugihe tugana muri 2022?
Igisubizo: Inganda za semiconductor zishobora kumenyekana nkinganda zuzunguruka. Kuva Rochester Electronics yatangira mu 1981, twagize inganda zigera kuri 19 zinganda zitandukanye. Impamvu ziratandukanye kuri buri cyiciro. Hafi buri gihe batangira gitunguranye hanyuma bagahagarara gitunguranye. Itandukaniro ryingenzi hamwe nisoko ryubu ni uko ridashyizwe inyuma yubukungu bwisi yose. Mubyukuri, kurundi ruhande, guhanura ibizagerwaho mubidukikije turimo biragoye.
Igiye kurangira vuba, ikurikirwa no kubara ibicuruzwa dukunze kubona, bitandukanye nubukungu bukennye, bigatuma isoko rigabanuka? Cyangwa bizaramba kandi byongerwe nibisabwa bikenewe bishingiye ku kuzamuka kwubukungu bwisi yose nyuma yicyorezo cyatsinzwe?
2021 uzaba umwaka utigeze ubaho mu nganda zikoresha igice. Ibarurishamibare ry’ubucuruzi ku isi ku isi ryahanuye ko isoko rya semiconductor riziyongera ku gipimo cya 25,6 ku ijana mu 2021, bikaba biteganijwe ko isoko rizakomeza kwiyongera 8.8 ku ijana mu 2022. Ibi byatumye ibura ry’ibice mu nganda nyinshi. Uyu mwaka, Rochester Electronics yakomeje gushora imari mu kuzamura ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora igice cya kabiri, cyane cyane nko mu gutunganya chip ya santimetero 12 no gupakira no guteranya.
Urebye imbere, twizera ko ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bizagira uruhare rukomeye mu ngamba za Rochester, kandi twashimangiye gahunda yo gucunga neza kugira ngo dushimangire ibyo twiyemeje guha abakiriya bacu ibipimo bihanitse by’ibicuruzwa na serivisi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-08-2023
