Uburyo bwo gukingira neza
Mugutezimbere ibicuruzwa, duhereye kubiciro, iterambere, ubwiza nibikorwa, mubisanzwe nibyiza gutekereza neza no gushyira mubikorwa igishushanyo mbonera cyiterambere ryumushinga vuba bishoboka. Ibisubizo bikora mubisanzwe ntabwo ari byiza mubijyanye nibindi bikoresho hamwe nizindi gahunda "zihuse" zo gusana zashyizwe mubikorwa nyuma yumushinga. Ubwiza bwayo no kwizerwa birakennye, kandi ikiguzi cyo kubishyira mubikorwa mbere ni kinini. Kubura ibiteganijwe mugice cyambere cyo gushushanya umushinga mubisanzwe biganisha kubitinda bitinze kandi birashobora gutuma abakiriya batishimira ibicuruzwa. Iki kibazo kireba igishushanyo icyo aricyo cyose, cyaba ari kwigana, imibare, amashanyarazi cyangwa imashini.
Ugereranije n'uturere tumwe na tumwe two guhagarika IC imwe na PCB imwe, ikiguzi cyo guhagarika PCB yose ni inshuro 10, kandi ikiguzi cyo guhagarika ibicuruzwa byose ni inshuro 100. Niba ukeneye guhagarika icyumba cyose cyangwa inyubako, ikiguzi nukuri mubishushanyo mbonera.
Mugutezimbere ibicuruzwa, duhereye kubiciro, iterambere, ubwiza nibikorwa, mubisanzwe nibyiza gutekereza neza no gushyira mubikorwa igishushanyo mbonera cyiterambere ryumushinga vuba bishoboka. Ibisubizo bikora mubisanzwe ntabwo ari byiza mubijyanye nibindi bikoresho hamwe nizindi gahunda "zihuse" zo gusana zashyizwe mubikorwa nyuma yumushinga. Ubwiza bwayo no kwizerwa birakennye, kandi ikiguzi cyo kubishyira mubikorwa mbere ni kinini. Kubura ibiteganijwe mugice cyambere cyo gushushanya umushinga mubisanzwe biganisha kubitinda bitinze kandi birashobora gutuma abakiriya batishimira ibicuruzwa. Iki kibazo kireba igishushanyo icyo aricyo cyose, cyaba ari kwigana, imibare, amashanyarazi cyangwa imashini.
Ugereranije n'uturere tumwe na tumwe two guhagarika IC imwe na PCB imwe, ikiguzi cyo guhagarika PCB yose ni inshuro 10, kandi ikiguzi cyo guhagarika ibicuruzwa byose ni inshuro 100. Niba ukeneye guhagarika icyumba cyose cyangwa inyubako, ikiguzi nukuri mubishushanyo mbonera.
Intego ya EMI ikingiwe ni ugukora akazu ka Faraday kuzenguruka ibice bya urusaku bya RF bifunze agasanduku k'icyuma. Impande eshanu zo hejuru zikozwe mu gukingira igifuniko cyangwa ikigega cy'icyuma, kandi uruhande rwo hasi rushyirwa mubikorwa hamwe n'ubutaka muri PCB. Mugikonoshwa cyiza, ntagisohoka kizinjira cyangwa gisize agasanduku. Ibyo byuka byangiza bikingira bizabaho, nko kurekurwa kuva mu gutobora kugera mu mwobo uri mu mabati, kandi ayo mabati yemerera kohereza ubushyuhe mu gihe cyo kugaruka k'umugurisha. Uku kumeneka kurashobora kandi guterwa nubusembwa bwa EMI cushion cyangwa ibikoresho byo gusudira. Urusaku rushobora kandi koroherezwa mumwanya uri hagati yubutaka hasi kugeza hasi.
Ubusanzwe, gukingira PCB bihujwe na PCB n'umurizo wo gusudira. Umurizo wo gusudira wandikishijwe intoki nyuma yintambwe nyamukuru yo gushushanya. Nibihe -ibikorwa kandi bihenze. Niba kubungabunga bisabwa mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho no kubungabunga, bigomba gusudwa kugirango byinjire mu muzunguruko hamwe nibigize munsi yikingira. Mu gace ka PCB karimo ibintu byoroshye cyane, hari ingaruka zihenze cyane zo kwangirika.
Ikiranga gisanzwe cya PCB y'amazi yo gukingira ikigega ni ibi bikurikira:
Ikirenge gito;
Ibikoresho bike;
Igishushanyo -ibice bibiri (uruzitiro n'umupfundikizo);
Kurengana cyangwa hejuru;
Uburyo bwinshi -cavity (gutandukanya ibice byinshi hamwe nigice kimwe cyo gukingira);
Igishushanyo mbonera hafi ya ntarengwa;
Ibicuruzwa;
Umupfundikizo ushoboye kubikoresho byihuse;
Umwobo
Gukata umuhuza;
Imashini ya RF yongerera ingabo;
Kurinda ESD hamwe nudukariso;
Koresha imikorere ifunga imikorere hagati yikaramu nigipfundikizo kugirango wirinde byimazeyo ingaruka no kunyeganyega.
Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gukingira
Ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gukingira birashobora gukoreshwa, harimo umuringa, ifeza ya nikel hamwe nicyuma. Ubwoko bukunze kugaragara ni:
Ikirenge gito;
Ibikoresho bike;
Igishushanyo -ibice bibiri (uruzitiro n'umupfundikizo);
Kurengana cyangwa hejuru;
Uburyo bwinshi -cavity (gutandukanya ibice byinshi hamwe nigice kimwe cyo gukingira);
Igishushanyo mbonera hafi ya ntarengwa;
Ibicuruzwa;
Umupfundikizo ushoboye kubikoresho byihuse;
Umwobo
Gukata umuhuza;
Imashini ya RF yongerera ingabo;
Kurinda ESD hamwe nudukariso;
Koresha imikorere ifunga imikorere hagati yikaramu nigipfundikizo kugirango wirinde byimazeyo ingaruka no kunyeganyega.
Mubisanzwe, amabati yashizwemo amabati niyo mahitamo meza yo guhagarika munsi ya 100 MHz, mugihe umuringa ushyizwemo amabati aribwo buryo bwiza bwo hejuru ya 200 MHz. Amabati arashobora kugera kubikorwa byiza byo gusudira. Kubera ko aluminiyumu ubwayo idafite ibiranga ikwirakwizwa ry'ubushyuhe, ntabwo byoroshye gusudira ku butaka, bityo rero ntibisanzwe ikoreshwa mu gukingira urwego rwa PCB.
Ukurikije amabwiriza yibicuruzwa byanyuma, ibikoresho byose bikoreshwa mugukingira birashobora gukenera kuba byujuje ubuziranenge bwa ROHS. Byongeye kandi, niba ibicuruzwa bikoreshejwe ahantu hashyushye kandi huzuye, birashobora gutera amashanyarazi kwangirika na okiside.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-17-2023
