Umubare wa MCU ni bangahe? Ati: "Turateganya kutazabona inyungu mu gihe cy'imyaka ibiri, ahubwo tunareba niba ibicuruzwa byagurishijwe ndetse n'umugabane ku isoko." Ngiyo intero yavugije induru murugo MCU rwashyizwe ahagaragara mbere. Nyamara, isoko rya MCU ntabwo ryimutse vuba aha kandi ryatangiye kubaka epfo na ruguru.
Wige imyaka ibiri
Imyaka mike ishize yabaye roller-coaster kubacuruzi ba MCU. Muri 2020, ubushobozi bwo gukora chip ni buke, bivamo ikibazo cyo kubura chip ku isi, kandi ibiciro bya MCU nabyo byazamutse. Inzira yo gusimbuza MCU yimbere nayo yateye intambwe nini muri byinshi.
Ariko, guhera mu gice cya kabiri cya 2021, ubushake buke bwibikoresho, terefone zigendanwa, mudasobwa zigendanwa, nibindi, byatumye igiciro cyibibanza bya chip zitandukanye gitangira kugabanuka, kandi ibiciro bya MCU byatangiye kugabanuka. Muri 2022, isoko rya MCU riratandukanye cyane, kandi chip rusange yabaguzi yegereye ibiciro bisanzwe. Muri Kamena 2022, ibiciro bya MCU ku isoko byatangiye kugwa.
Irushanwa ry'ibiciro ku isoko rya chip riragenda rikomera, kandi intambara y'ibiciro ku isoko rya MCU iragenda ikomera. Mu rwego rwo guhatanira imigabane ku isoko, abakora ibicuruzwa mu gihugu ndetse bajugunya igihombo, bigatuma igabanuka rikabije ry’ibiciro by’isoko. Kugabanya ibiciro byabaye ibintu bisanzwe, kandi kubona inyungu byahindutse inzira kubabikora kugirango bagere ku ntera nshya.
Nyuma yigihe kirekire cyo kubara ibiciro, isoko rya MCU ryatangiye kwerekana ibimenyetso byerekana ko ryagabanutse, kandi amakuru yatanzwe avuga ko uruganda rwa MCU rutagurishwa ku giciro gito ugereranije n’igiciro, ndetse rwongereyeho gato igiciro kugira ngo rusubire mu rwego rushimishije.
Ibitangazamakuru byo muri Tayiwani: Ibimenyetso byiza, reba umuseke
Nk’uko ikinyamakuru cyo muri Tayiwani cyitwa Economic Daily cyatangaje ko ivugururwa ry’ibicuruzwa bya semiconductor rifite ibimenyetso byiza, hakaba hambere mu guhangana n’igitutu cy’igabanuka ry’ibiciro ku isoko rya microcontroller (MCU), ibigo bikomeye byo mu bihugu by’imigabane by’imigabane biherutse guhagarika ingamba zo gukuraho ibarura, ndetse ibintu bimwe na bimwe bikaba byatangiye kwiyongera ku biciro. MCU ikoreshwa cyane, ikubiyemo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki y’abaguzi, ibinyabiziga, kugenzura inganda n’ahandi hantu h’ingenzi, none ubu igiciro kizamuka, kandi kugabanuka kwambere (igiciro) kureka kugabanuka, bikagaragaza ko icyifuzo cya terminal gishyushye, kandi isoko rya semiconductor ntiri kure yumuhanda ugana ku buzima.
Uruganda rwa MCU rwerekana inganda zirimo Renesas, NXP, microchip, nibindi, bifite umwanya wingenzi mubikorwa byinganda zikoresha isi; Uruganda rwa Tayiwani ruhagarariwe na Shengqun, New Tang, Yilong, Songhan, n'ibindi. Hamwe no koroshya amarushanwa yo kuva amaraso mu bigo bikuru, ababikora bireba nabo bazabyungukiramo.
Abashinzwe inganda bagaragaje ko MCU ikoreshwa cyane, imbaraga zayo nisoko rikoreshwa mu guca imanza za semiconductor boom vane, micro core yasohoye ibisubizo by’imari n’imyumvire, bigereranywa na “canary mu kirombe”, byerekana MCU kandi iterambere ry’isoko riri hafi cyane, none ikimenyetso cyo kongera ibiciro ni ikimenyetso cyiza nyuma yo guhindura ibarura rya semiconductor.
Mu rwego rwo gukemura igitutu kinini cy’ibarura, inganda za MCU zahuye n’igihe cy’umwijima mubi mu mateka kuva mu gihembwe cya kane cy’umwaka ushize kugeza mu gice cya mbere cy’uyu mwaka, abakora inganda za MCU bo ku mugabane wa Amerika ntibitaye ku kiguzi cyo guhahirana kugira ngo babare neza, ndetse n’inganda zizwi cyane (IDM) nazo zinjiye ku rugamba rw’ibiciro. Kubwamahirwe, ibarura ryibiciro byisoko riheruka kurangira buhoro buhoro.
Uruganda rwa MCU rwo muri Tayiwani rutavuzwe izina rwerekanye ko hamwe no koroshya imyifatire y’ibiciro by’inganda zo ku mugabane wa Afurika, itandukaniro ry’ibiciro ry’ibicuruzwa byambukiranya imipaka ryagiye rigabanuka buhoro buhoro, kandi umubare muto w’ibicuruzwa byihutirwa byatangiye kuza, ibyo bikaba byafasha kuvanaho ibicuruzwa byihuse, kandi umuseke ntukwiye kuba kure.
Imikorere ni gukurura. Sinshobora kuzunguruka
MCU nk'umuzunguruko, hari amasosiyete arenga 100 ya MCU yo mu gihugu, ibice by'isoko bihura n’igitutu kinini cyo kubara, umuzunguruko wo kugabana nawo ni agatsiko k’amasosiyete ya MCU mu marushanwa, mu rwego rwo kwihutisha kubara, no gukomeza umubano w’abakiriya, bamwe mu bakora inganda za MCU barashobora kwihanganira kwigomwa inyungu nini, bagatanga inyungu ku giciro, kugira ngo bagure ibicuruzwa by’abakiriya.
Hatewe inkunga n’ibidukikije bikenewe ku isoko, intambara y’ibiciro izakomeza gukurura imikorere, ku buryo icyo gikorwa amaherezo kizica inyungu mbi kandi kirangire.
Mu gice cya mbere cy'uyu mwaka, kimwe cya kabiri cy’amasosiyete 23 yo mu gihugu yashyizwe ku rutonde MCU yatakaje amafaranga, MCU iragenda igorana kuyigurisha, kandi n’inganda nyinshi zarangije guhuza no kugura.
Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, mu gice cya mbere cy’uyu mwaka, 11 gusa muri 23 by’amasosiyete yo mu gihugu MCU yashyizwe ku rutonde byageze ku izamuka ry’umwaka ku mwaka, kandi imikorere yagabanutse ku buryo bugaragara, muri rusange irenga 30%, kandi ikoranabuhanga ry’ibanze ry’inyanja ryagabanutse kugera kuri 53.28%. Ibisubizo byiyongera byinjira ntabwo ari byiza cyane, kwiyongera kurenga 10% umwe gusa, 10 asigaye ari munsi ya 10%. Inyungu yinyungu, hari igihombo 23 kuri 13, gusa inyungu ya tekinoroji ya Le Xin ni nziza, ariko kandi yiyongereyeho 2.05%.
Ku bijyanye n’inyungu rusange, inyungu rusange ya SMIC yagabanutse kugera munsi ya 20% kuva kuri 46,62% umwaka ushize; Ikoranabuhanga rya Guoxin ryaragabanutse kugera kuri 25.55 ku ijana bivuye kuri 53.4 ku ijana umwaka ushize; Ubumenyi bw'igihugu bwavuye kuri 44.31 ku ijana bugera kuri 13.04 ku ijana; Ikoranabuhanga rya Core Sea ryamanutse riva kuri 43.22 ku ijana rigera kuri 29.43 ku ijana.
Biragaragara, nyuma yuko ababikora baguye mumarushanwa yibiciro, inganda zose zagiye "muruziga rukabije". Inganda za MCU zo mu gihugu zidakomeye zinjiye mu cyiciro cy’amarushanwa ahendutse, kandi ingano y’imbere ibemerera kutagira uburyo bwo gukora ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi byo mu rwego rwo hejuru no guhangana n’ibihangange mpuzamahanga, biha abashoramari b’abanyamahanga bafite ibidukikije, ibiciro ndetse n’ubushobozi bafite amahirwe yo kubyungukiramo.
Ubu isoko ifite ibimenyetso byo gukira, ibigo bifuza kwitandukanya nu marushanwa, birakenewe kuzamura ikoranabuhanga, ibicuruzwa, mu kumenyekanisha isoko rinini, birashoboka kwerekana ibizengurutse, kugira ngo birinde ibizavaho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-30-2023
