Isano iri hagati yimyenda ya PCB na EMC
Ubuyobozi: Tuvuze ingorane zo guhindura amashanyarazi, ikibazo cya plaque ya PCB ntabwo kigoye cyane, ariko niba ushaka gushyiraho ikibaho cyiza cya PCB, amashanyarazi agomba kuba imwe mubibazo (igishushanyo cya PCB ntabwo ari cyiza, zishobora gutera nubwo waba ucyemura uburyo bwo gukemura Ibipimo biri gukuramo imyenda. Ibi ntabwo biteye ubwoba), kuko hari ibintu byinshi bitekereza ku mbaho za PCB, nk'imikorere y'amashanyarazi, inzira y'ibikorwa, ibisabwa n'umutekano, ingaruka za EMC, n'ibindi. Mubintu, amashanyarazi niyo shingiro cyane, ariko EMC niyo igoye gukoraho.Iterambere ryimishinga myinshi nikibazo cya EMC.Iyi ngingo izagusangiza isano iri hagati yimyenda ya PCB na EMC kuva 22.
- Inzira yatetse irashobora gutuza gukora EMI umuzenguruko wa PCB
Ingaruka zumuzunguruko hejuru kuri EMC zirashobora gutekerezwa.Muyunguruzi yo kwinjiza impera iri hano;igitutu -kwirinda ibitero;kurwanya R102 yingaruka zubu (hamwe no gutakaza relay);Y capacitor Y iyungurura hamwe no kuyungurura;fuse igira ingaruka ku kibaho cyumutekano;igikoresho cyose hano ni ngombwa cyane.Birakenewe kuryoherwa neza imikorere nimirimo ya buri gikoresho.Iyo igishushanyo mbonera cyateguwe, urwego rukomeye rwa EMC rutuje kandi rutuje, nko gushyiraho urwego rwinshi rwo kuyungurura, umubare hamwe numubare wumubare wa Y.Guhitamo imbaraga za voltage sensitivite bifitanye isano rya hafi nibyo dukeneye EMC.Murakaza neza buriwese kugirango aganire kumurongo usa na EMI ya buri kintu.
- 2.Umuzunguruko na EMC: (Topologiya izwi cyane kurwanya anti-gravitologiya, reba ahantu h'ingenzi mu muzunguruko harimo uburyo bwa EMC)
Ibice bike byumuzingi ku gishushanyo kiri hejuru: ingaruka kuri EMC ni ngombwa cyane (menya ko icyatsi atari).Kurugero, abantu bose bazi ko imirasire yumuriro wa electromagnetic yumurima ari umwanya, ariko ihame ryibanze ni uguhindura magnetiki., Nukuvuga, impeta ijyanye nu muzunguruko.
Ibiriho birashobora kubyara umurima wa magneti, utanga umurima uhamye kandi ntushobora guhinduka mumashanyarazi.Umuriro w'amashanyarazi urashobora kubyara umurima wa rukuruzi.Wemeze rero kwitondera aho hantu hamwe no guhinduranya imiterere, ni ukuvuga imwe mu nkomoko ya EMC.Hano hari imwe mu nkomoko ya EMC (imwe muri zo hano, birumvikana ko hazaba izindi ngingo nyuma), nk'umurongo utudomo uzunguruka mu muzunguruko, ariwo gufungura umuyoboro uhindura kugirango ufungure umuyoboro.Inzira ya turbine ifunze ntishobora gusa umuvuduko wo guhinduranya ibintu bishobora guhindura ingaruka kuri EMC, ariko ubuso bwumuzunguruko wimyenda nayo ifite ingaruka zikomeye!Ibindi byerekezo bibiri bikurura impeta na rectifier umuzenguruko, banza ubyumve mbere, hanyuma ubivuge nyuma.
- Icya gatatu, ishyirahamwe hagati ya PCB igishushanyo na EMC
1. Ingaruka za PCB loop kuri EMC ni ngombwa cyane.Kurugero, anti -main power ring circuit, niba ari nini cyane, imirasire izaba mibi.
2. Akayunguruzo ko kwungurura, akayunguruzo gakoreshwa mu kuyungurura kugira ngo kibangamire, ariko niba PCB ifite insinga mbi, akayunguruzo gashobora gutakaza ingaruka.
3. Ibice byubatswe, ntabwo ari neza-igishushanyo mbonera cya radiatori bizagira ingaruka, verisiyo ikingiwe yubutaka, nibindi.;
4. Igice cyunvikana cyegereye cyane isoko yo kwivanga.Kurugero, umuzunguruko wa EMI wegereye umuyoboro wa switch, byanze bikunze uzana EMC mbi kandi ukeneye ahantu hitaruye.
5. RC ikurura uruziga.
6. Y capacitor Y ihagaze kandi irashaka, kandi umwanya wa Y capacitor nayo irakomeye.
Reka dutange urugero ruto hepfo:
Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo kiri hejuru, X -capacitor pin inzira itunganyirizwa imbere.Urashobora kwiga uburyo bwo gukora capacitori yijimye igenda plug -in (ukoresheje amashanyarazi ya extrusion).Muri ubu buryo, gushungura ingaruka za X capacitor irashobora kugera kuri leta nziza.
- 4. Gutegura igishushanyo cya PCB: (Imyiteguro irahagije, gusa igishushanyo gishobora gutegurwa intambwe ku yindi kugirango wirinde guhirika igishushanyo)
Hariho ibintu hafi ya byose bikurikira.Bifatwa ko igishushanyo mbonera kizasuzumwa.Ibirimo byose ntaho bihuriye nandi masomo.Nincamake yuburambe bwayo.
1. Ingano yimiterere igaragara, harimo imyenge ihagaze, imiyoboro yumuyaga, ibyinjira nibisohoka socket, ugomba guhuza sisitemu yabakiriya, kandi ugomba no kuvugana nabakiriya, bigarukira hejuru.
2. Icyemezo cyumutekano, ni ubuhe buryo bwo kwemeza ibicuruzwa, ahantu bukora insulasiyo yibanze no kuzamuka intera, hamwe n’aho byakomeza insulasiyo hanyuma ukava ahantu.
3. Igishushanyo mbonera: Ese hari igihe cyihariye, nkibice byabigenewe byo gutegura gupakira.
4. Guhitamo inzira zinzira: guhitamo -ibice bibiri byatoranijwe, cyangwa ikibaho cyinshi, isuzuma ryuzuye ukurikije igishushanyo mbonera nubunini bwikibaho, igiciro nibindi bisobanuro byuzuye.
5. Ibindi bisabwa bidasanzwe kubakiriya.
Ubukorikori bwubaka buzaba bworoshye.Amabwiriza y’umutekano aracyashyizweho neza.Ibyo byemezo bikora, nibipimo byumutekano nibyo, birumvikana ko hariho amategeko yumutekano asanzwe mubipimo byinshi, ariko hariho nibicuruzwa bimwe bidasanzwe nko kuvura.
Kugirango ube mwiza, inshuti za enterineti nshya -kwiza injeniyeri ntabwo zijimye.Hano hari ibicuruzwa bisanzwe bisanzwe.Ibikurikira nuburyo bwihariye bwibisabwa byanditseho incamake na IEC60065.Uzirikanye amabwiriza yumutekano, ugomba kuzirikana.Iyo uhuye nibicuruzwa byihariye, ugomba guhangana nabyo:
1. Intera yinjiza fuse padi irenze 3.0mm.Isahani yimyenda nyayo iri kuri 3.5mm (gusa kugirango uzamure intera yo kuzamuka kuri 3.5mm mbere ya fuse, hanyuma uzamuke kuri 3.0mm).
2. Amabwiriza yumutekano mbere na nyuma yikiraro cyo gukosora asabwa kuba 2.0mm, naho isahani yimyenda ni 2.5mm.
3. Nyuma yo gukosorwa, amabwiriza yumutekano muri rusange ntabwo asaba ibisabwa, ariko icyumba kinini kandi gito cya voltage gisigaye ukurikije voltage nyirizina, kandi ingeso ya 400V irenze 2.0mm.
4. Amabwiriza yumutekano kurwego rwibanze ni 6.4mm (icyuho cyamashanyarazi), kandi intera yo kuzamuka nibyiza hashingiwe kuri 7.6mm (icyitonderwa: ibi bifitanye isano na voltage yinjiza. Emera).
5. Koresha ahantu hakonje murwego rwa mbere kandi ubimenye neza;L, N kumenyekanisha, kwinjiza ibirango byinjiza AC, ikirango cyo kuburira fuse, nibindi byose bigomba gushyirwaho ikimenyetso neza.
Umuntu wese afite gushidikanya hejuru yavuzwe haruguru, arashobora kandi kuganira no kwigira kubandi.
Ubundi na none, intera yumutekano ifitanye isano nukuri kwinjiza voltage hamwe nakazi keza.Kubara byihariye kumeza birakenewe.Amakuru yatanzwe kugirango yerekanwe gusa kandi ibihe nyirizina bigengwa nibihe nyirizina.
- 5. Amategeko yumutekano ya PCB atekereza kubindi bintu
1. Sobanukirwa no kwemeza ibicuruzwa byawe, ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibicuruzwa, nk'ubuvuzi, itumanaho, amashanyarazi, TV, n'ibindi, ariko hari ahantu henshi hasa.
2. Ahantu umutekano wegereye ikibaho cyimyenda ya PCB, usobanukirwe nibiranga insulasiyo, aribwo shingiro ryibanze, ryongerewe imbaraga, kandi intera isanzwe itandukanye iratandukanye.Nibyiza kugenzura ibisanzwe, kandi intera y'amashanyarazi irabaze kandi intera irazamuka.
3. Wibande ku gikoresho cyumutekano cyibicuruzwa, nkumubano uri hagati ya magnetisme ya transformateur numupaka wambere wungirije.
4. Ubushuhe bwumuriro nintera ya peripheri, ubutaka buhujwe na radiator buratandukanye, ubutaka ntabwo ari bumwe, ubutaka buracyakonje, kandi nubutaka bushyushye burasa.
5. Kwitondera cyane intera yubwishingizi, ahantu hakomeye harakenewe.Intera iri hagati ya fuse irahoraho.
6. Y capacitor hamwe nibisohoka, vuga umubano wubu.
Gukurikirana -up bizasobanura uburyo bwo gukomeza intera nuburyo bwo gukora ibisabwa byumutekano.
- 6. Imiterere yimbaraga zishusho ya PCB
1. Ubwa mbere, bapima ubunini bwa PCB n'umubare wibikoresho, kugirango ube mwinshi, bitabaye ibyo birakomeye, kandi biragoye kubona agace gato.
2. Hindura uruziga, wibande kubikoresho byingenzi, nihame ryibikoresho byingenzi kugirango ushire igikoresho icyarimwe.
3. Igikoresho kirahagaritse cyangwa gitambitse.Imwe ni nziza, indi niyoroshya plug -in ibikorwa.Ibihe bidasanzwe birashobora gusuzumwa.
4. Iyo imiterere, ugomba gusuzuma insinga hanyuma ukayishyira mumwanya ushyira mu gaciro kandi ukoroshya umurongo ukurikira.
5. Mugihe cyimiterere, agace k'impeta kagabanutse uko bishoboka kose, kandi imihanda ine minini izasobanurwa muburyo burambuye.
Kugirango ugere ku ngingo zavuzwe haruguru, byanze bikunze, ni ngombwa kuyikoresha mu buryo bworoshye, kandi imiterere ishyize mu gaciro izavuka vuba.
Ibikurikira nubuyobozi bwa PCB, bukwiye kwigira kumiterere rusange:
Ubucucike bwimbaraga ziki gishushanyo buracyari hejuru.Muri byo, igice cyo kugenzura LLC, igice cyinkomoko yingoboka, hamwe na BUCK yumuzunguruko (imbaraga-nyinshi-nyinshi zisohoka) ziri kumurongo muto.
1. Iyinjiza nibisohoka byanyuma birakosorwa kandi byapfuye.Ntushobora kwimuka.Ikibaho ni urukiramende.Nigute ushobora guhitamo ingufu nyamukuru zitemba?Hano, kuva hasi kugeza hejuru, uhereye ibumoso n iburyo ugana imiterere, gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe biterwa nigikonoshwa.
2. Inzira ya EMI iracyagaragara.Ibi ni ngombwa cyane.Niba bitiranya, ntabwo ari byiza kuri EMC.
3. Umwanya wa capacator nini ugomba kwitabwaho uzenguruka PFC hamwe nimbaraga nyamukuru ya LLC.
4. Ikigezweho cyuruhande rwabafasha ni kinini.Kugirango ufate ibyagezweho nubushyuhe bwo gukwirakwiza umuyoboro ukosora, iyi miterere iremewe.Umuyoboro ukosora uri hejuru.gusa.
Buri kibaho gifite umwihariko wacyo, kandi birumvikana ko gifite ibibazo byacyo.Uburyo bwo kubikemura mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro ni urufunguzo.Urashobora kumva ibisobanuro byo guhitamo gushyira mu gaciro?
- 7. Urugero rwa PCB
Ukurikije imiterere ya PCB imiterere ya PCB yavuzwe mbere, reba iyi nama, niba ihari, ngira ngo ni ahantu heza.Birumvikana ko inenge zizahoraho.Urashobora kandi kubisaba.Ntibyoroshye, urashobora kwigira kuriyi nama!Nyuma, uzasobanura kandi wige iyi nama.Reka tubanze dushimire.
- 8. Imihanda ine minini yimpeta yubushakashatsi bwa PCB (icyifuzo cyibanze cyimiterere ya PCB ni agace gato k'imirongo ine minini y'impeta)
Byongeye kandi, impeta yo kwinjiza (kwinjiza RCD no kwinjiza RC ya tube ya MOS, RC kwinjiza imiyoboro ikosora) nayo ni ingenzi cyane, kandi ni n'umuzingi utanga imirasire-yihuta.Niba ufite ikibazo hejuru, urahawe ikaze kubiganiraho.Igihe cyose kibajijwe nibibazo, kuganira hamwe hamwe birashobora gutera imbere kurushaho!
