Raspberry Pi utanga | Inganda Raspberry Pi

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Raspberry Pi ni mudasobwa ntoya ingana n'ikarita y'inguzanyo, yateguwe kandi itezwa imbere na Fondasiyo ya Raspberry Pi mu Bwongereza hagamijwe guteza imbere ubumenyi bwa mudasobwa, cyane cyane mu mashuri, kugira ngo abanyeshuri bashobore kwiga porogaramu n'ubumenyi bwa mudasobwa binyuze mu myitozo y'intoki. . Nubwo yabanje gushyirwa mubikorwa nkigikoresho cyo kwigisha, Raspberry PI yahise itsindira abakunzi ba mudasobwa, abayitezimbere, abakora-bonyine ubwabo hamwe nabashya ku isi yose kubera urwego rwo hejuru rwo guhinduka, igiciro gito hamwe nibintu bikomeye byashyizweho.

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Raspberry PI ni iki?

Raspberry PI ikoreshwa na sisitemu y'imikorere ishingiye kuri Linux, ariko kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo gukoresha Windows 10 IoT Core, verisiyo ya Windows kubikoresho byashyizwemo. Ifite CPU, GPU, RAM, Imigaragarire ya USB, imiyoboro y'urusobe, HDMI isohoka, n'ibindi, irashobora gukora amashusho, amajwi n'ibindi bikorwa by'itangazamakuru, ariko kandi irashobora guhuza sensor zitandukanye hamwe na moteri ikora, imishinga ya interineti yibintu, umusaruro wa robo, itangazamakuru kubaka ikigo, kubaka seriveri nibindi bikorwa.
Hamwe no gusubiramo verisiyo zitandukanye (urugero: Raspberry PI 1, 2, 3, 4, nibindi), imikorere ya Raspberry PI yakomeje kunonosora kugirango ihuze ibikenewe byose kuva imyigire yibanze kugeza iterambere ryimishinga igoye. Inkunga yabaturage nayo irakora cyane, itanga inyigisho nyinshi, imanza zumushinga, hamwe nibikoresho bya software byorohereza abakoresha gutangira no guhanga.

Niki Raspberry PI yadukorera?

Raspberry Pi ni mudasobwa ntoya ingana n'ikarita y'inguzanyo, yateguwe kandi itezwa imbere na Fondasiyo ya Raspberry Pi mu Bwongereza hagamijwe guteza imbere ubumenyi bwa mudasobwa, cyane cyane mu mashuri, kugira ngo abanyeshuri bashobore kwiga porogaramu n'ubumenyi bwa mudasobwa binyuze mu myitozo y'intoki. . Nubwo yabanje gushyirwa mubikorwa nkigikoresho cyo kwigisha, Raspberry PI yahise itsindira abakunzi ba mudasobwa, abayitezimbere, abakora-bonyine ubwabo hamwe nabashya ku isi yose kubera urwego rwo hejuru rwo guhinduka, igiciro gito hamwe nibintu bikomeye byashyizweho.
Raspberry PI ikoreshwa na sisitemu y'imikorere ishingiye kuri Linux, ariko kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo gukoresha Windows 10 IoT Core, verisiyo ya Windows kubikoresho byashyizwemo. Ifite CPU, GPU, RAM, Imigaragarire ya USB, imiyoboro y'urusobe, HDMI isohoka, n'ibindi, irashobora gukora amashusho, amajwi n'ibindi bikorwa by'itangazamakuru, ariko kandi irashobora guhuza sensor zitandukanye hamwe na moteri ikora, imishinga ya interineti yibintu, umusaruro wa robo, itangazamakuru kubaka ikigo, kubaka seriveri nibindi bikorwa.
Hamwe no gusubiramo verisiyo zitandukanye (urugero: Raspberry PI 1, 2, 3, 4, nibindi), imikorere ya Raspberry PI yakomeje kunonosora kugirango ihuze ibikenewe byose kuva imyigire yibanze kugeza iterambere ryimishinga igoye. Inkunga yabaturage nayo irakora cyane, itanga inyigisho nyinshi, imanza zumushinga, hamwe nibikoresho bya software byorohereza abakoresha gutangira no guhanga.

Ni he ushobora kugura Raspberry PI?

Dukorana nabakozi babiherewe uburenganzira na Raspberry PI kugirango batange urutonde rwose rwibicuruzwa bya Raspberry PI.

Raspberry Pi 4B

Raspberry Pi 4 Model B (Raspberry Pi 4 Model B) ni igisekuru cya kane cyumuryango wa Raspberry PI, ikora cyane, microcomputer ihendutse. Iyizanye na 1.5GHz 64-bit-quad-core ARM Cortex-A72 CPU (Broadcom BCM2711 chip) izamura cyane imbaraga zo gutunganya no gukora ibintu byinshi. Raspberry PI 4B ishyigikira RAM igera kuri 8GB ya LPDDR4, ifite icyambu cya USB 3.0 cyo kohereza amakuru byihuse kandi, kunshuro yambere, itangiza USB Type-C amashanyarazi kugirango yishyure vuba nimbaraga.
Moderi kandi igaragaramo interineti ebyiri za Micro HDMI zishobora gusohora icyarimwe amashusho ya 4K yerekana amashusho kuri monitor ebyiri, bigatuma biba byiza kubikorwa bikoreramo cyangwa ibigo byinshi. Umuyoboro udahuza woguhuza urimo 2.4 / 5GHz ya bande ya Wi-Fi na Bluetooth 5.0 / BLE, byemeza imiyoboro ihamye hamwe nibikoresho. Mubyongeyeho, Raspberry PI 4B igumana pin ya GPIO, ituma abayikoresha bahuza ibyuma bitandukanye na sensor zitandukanye kugirango bakure iterambere ryagutse, bigatuma biba byiza kwiga programme, imishinga iot, robotics hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwo guhanga DIY.

Raspberry Pi 5 niyamamare yanyuma mumuryango wa Raspberry PI kandi ihagarariye ikindi kintu gikomeye cyateye imbere muburyo bwa tekinoroji yo kubara. Raspberry PI 5 ifite ibikoresho bigezweho bya 64-bit ya Quad-core Arm Cortex-A76 itunganya kugeza kuri 2.4GHz, itezimbere imikorere yo gutunganya inshuro 2-3 ugereranije na Raspberry PI 4 kugirango ihuze urwego rwo hejuru rwo kubara.
Kubijyanye no gutunganya ibishushanyo, ifite amashusho ya 800MHz ya VideoCore ya VII yerekana amashusho, azamura cyane imikorere yubushushanyo kandi ashyigikira cyane amashusho yimikino ndetse nudukino. Amashanyarazi mashya yongeyeho-yateje imbere amajyepfo-ikiraro chip itunganya itumanaho rya I / O kandi itezimbere imikorere rusange ya sisitemu. Raspberry PI 5 izana kandi ibyambu bibiri bine bine 1.5Gbps MIPI ibyambu bya kamera ebyiri cyangwa kwerekana, hamwe nicyambu kimwe PCIe 2.0 kugirango byoroherezwe kugera kuri periferi nini cyane.
Mu rwego rwo korohereza abakoresha, Raspberry PI 5 iranga mu buryo butaziguye ubushobozi bwo kwibuka ku kibaho, kandi ikongeramo buto yingufu zifatika kugirango ishyigikire kanda rimwe hanyuma imikorere ihagarare. Izaboneka muri verisiyo ya 4GB na 8GB ku madolari 60 na $ 80, kandi biteganijwe ko izagurishwa mu mpera z'Ukwakira 2023. Hamwe n'imikorere yayo isumba iyindi, izamura imiterere, hamwe n'igiciro cyoroshye, iki gicuruzwa gitanga byinshi urubuga rukomeye rwuburezi, abakunda, abiteza imbere, hamwe ninganda zikoreshwa.

Raspberry PI 5

Raspberry PI CM3

Raspberry PI Compute Module 3 (CM3) ni verisiyo ya Raspberry PI yagenewe porogaramu zinganda hamwe na sisitemu yashyizwemo. Nukuzamura kuri CM1 kandi ikoresha progaramu imwe na Raspberry PI 3, Broadcom BCM2837, kuri 1.2GHz, itezimbere cyane imikorere ya CPU kandi ikubye inshuro 10 iy'umwimerere wa CM1. CM3 ije ifite 1GB ya RAM kandi itanga uburyo bworoshye bwo kubika muburyo bubiri: verisiyo isanzwe izana na 4GB ya flash ya eMMC, mugihe verisiyo ya Lite ikuraho flash ya eMMC ikanatanga interineti yo kwagura ikarita ya SD aho, bigatuma abayikoresha bahitamo ibisubizo byububiko nkuko bikenewe.
Module yibanze ya CM3 ni nto bihagije kugirango yinjizwe muburyo bwihariye bwumuzunguruko wabigenewe, bigatuma biba byiza kumishinga itagabanije umwanya cyangwa ikenera iboneza rya I / O. Ifasha kandi intera zitandukanye zihuta cyane, harimo GPIO, USB, MicroUSB, CSI, DSI, HDMI na Micro-SD, mugutwara abatwara ibintu bitandukanye, irashobora kwagura imikorere yayo kandi igahuza nibintu bitandukanye bikoreshwa, nko kugenzura inganda. , ibimenyetso bya digitale, imishinga iot nibindi byinshi. CM3 ikomeza ibikorwa biranga ibiciro bya Raspberry PI mugihe izamura ituze no kwizerwa mubidukikije.

Raspberry PI Compute Module 4 (CM4) nigisekuru cya kane cyumuryango wa Raspberry PI ya compte modules, itezimbere kubikorwa byashyizwemo no gushushanya inganda. CM4 itanga imikorere igaragara kandi ihindagurika kuruta iyayibanjirije, CM3 +. Ihuza cyane cyane Broadcom BCM2711 itunganya, ikoresha quad-core ARM Cortex-A72 yubatswe, ikora kugeza kuri 1.5GHz kandi igashyigikira mudasobwa 64-bit, byongera cyane umuvuduko wo gutunganya hamwe nubushobozi bwinshi.
CM4 iraboneka muburyo butandukanye bwo kwibuka, kuva kuri 1GB kugeza 8GB LPDDR4 RAM, kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo bitandukanye. Kubijyanye no kubika, byombi verisiyo isanzwe hamwe nububiko bwa eMMC hamwe na Lite verisiyo hamwe cyangwa idafite ububiko bwuzuye burahari. Abakoresha barashobora guhitamo igisubizo kibitse bashingiye kumushinga. Iyi module kandi itangiza interineti ya PCIe ishyigikira umuvuduko wa Gen2x1, bigatuma bishoboka kubona ibikoresho byihuta byihuta nka SSDS, amakarita y'urusobekerane (harimo na 5G modules), cyangwa amakarita yihuta ya GPU.
CM4 ikora igishushanyo mbonera cyemerera guhagarara ku kibaho cyabatwara hifashishijwe umuyoboro mwinshi cyane kugirango wongere intera zitandukanye zirimo GPIO, USB (harimo USB 3.0), Ethernet (Gigabit cyangwa 2.5G), Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 5.0, DisplayPort , na HDMI. Ibiranga bituma iba urubuga rwiza kuri buri kintu cyose kuva iot yinganda, computing computing, ibimenyetso bya digitale kugeza murwego rwohejuru rwimishinga. Ingano yoroheje nubushobozi bukomeye, ihujwe nubutunzi bukomeye hamwe ninkunga yabaturage ya ecosystem ya Raspberry PI, bituma CM4 iba igisubizo cyo guhitamo kubateza imbere nababikora.

Raspberry PI CM4

Raspberry PI CM4 IO

Raspberry PI Compute Module 4 IO Ubuyobozi ni umugabane winyuma wagenewe umwihariko wa Compute Module 4 (CM4) kugirango utange intera ikenewe yo hanze hamwe nubushobozi bwo kwagura kugirango uhindure module yibanze ya CM4 muburyo bwuzuye bwiterambere cyangwa winjire mubicuruzwa byanyuma. . Ubuyobozi bwa IO bwahujwe na module ya CM4 binyuze mumurongo mwinshi, ugaragaza ubushobozi bukomeye bwa CM4

Raspberry PI Pico ni akanama gashinzwe iterambere rya microcontroller ihendutse kandi ikora neza yatangijwe na Fondasiyo ya Raspberry PI mu 2021 kugirango yuzuze icyuho mumuryango wa Raspberry PI ya microcontrollers. Pico ishingiye kuri Raspberry PI yonyine ya chip ya chip ya RP2040, ihuza intungamubiri ebyiri za ARM Cortex-M0 + ikora kuri 133MHz, hamwe na 264KB ya SRAM na 2MB ya flash memory.

Raspberry PI pico

Raspberry PI Sense HAT

Raspberry Pi Sense HAT ninama yagutse itandukanye yagenewe umwihariko wa Raspberry Pi kugirango itange ubumenyi bwibidukikije nubushobozi bwimikoranire yuburezi, ubushakashatsi, hamwe nimishinga itandukanye yo guhanga. Sense HAT ifite ibintu by'ingenzi bikurikira:
8x8 RGB LED matrix: Irashobora gukoreshwa mukwerekana inyandiko, ibishushanyo cyangwa animasiyo kugirango wongere ibitekerezo mumushinga.
Inzira-eshanu-joystick: Joystick isa na gamepad irimo buto yo hagati na bine D-urufunguzo rushobora gukoreshwa mugucunga umukino cyangwa nkigikoresho cyinjiza abakoresha.
Ibyuma byubatswe: Byinjijwemo giroskopi, umuvuduko waometero, magnetometero (kubikurikirana no kugendagenda), hamwe nubushyuhe, umuvuduko wumwuka hamwe nubushyuhe bwogukurikirana kugirango ukurikirane ibidukikije nibigenda byumubiri.
Inkunga ya software: Umukozi atanga isomero rikungahaye rya software rishyigikira uburyo bworoshye bwo kugera kumikorere yibikoresho byose ukoresheje indimi nka Python, gukora progaramu na data gusoma byoroshye kandi byihuse.
Ibikoresho byuburezi: Bikunze gukoreshwa mubyigisho bya STEM (siyanse, ikoranabuhanga, ubwubatsi, n imibare) kugirango bifashe abanyeshuri kwiga programming, amahame ya fiziki, hamwe nisesengura ryamakuru binyuze mumyigire y'intoki.

Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W ni ikibaho cya microcomputer cyatangijwe na Fondasiyo ya Raspberry Pi nka verisiyo yazamuye ya Raspberry PI Zero W, yasohotse mu Kwakira 2021. Ibyingenzi byayo birimo:
Kuzamura ibicuruzwa: Kuzamura kuva muri ARM11 imwe-imwe kugeza kuri quad-core Cortex-A53 itunganya (chip ya BCM2710A1) itezimbere cyane imikorere ya mudasobwa kandi ikora vuba.
Gumana ntoya: Ingano yububiko bwa Zeru ikomeza kubikorwa byashizwemo hamwe nibisabwa n'umwanya.
Umuyoboro udafite insinga: Yubatswe mu muyoboro w’ibanze utagira umurongo (Wi-Fi) hamwe n’imikorere ya Bluetooth, nka Zero W, ishyigikira umurongo wa interineti utagira umurongo no guhuza ibikoresho bidafite umugozi.
Gukora cyane no gukoresha ingufu nke: Huza imikorere ihanitse hamwe na Raspberry PI idahwema kuranga ingufu nke kumishinga igendanwa cyangwa ikoreshwa na batiri.
GPIO Ihuza: Ikomeza guhuza hamwe na Raspberry PI yumuryango wa 40-pin ya GPIO kugirango byoroshye kubona uburyo butandukanye bwo kwaguka hamwe na sensor.

Raspberry Pi Zero 2W

Raspberry Pi Zero W.

Raspberry Pi Zero W ni umwe mu banyamuryango boroheje kandi bahendutse bo mu muryango wa Raspberry PI, wasohotse mu 2017. Ni verisiyo yavuguruwe ya Raspberry Pi Zero, kandi iterambere ryinshi ni uguhuza ubushobozi bwa Wireless, harimo na Wi-Fi na Bluetooth, niyo mpamvu izina Zero W (W risobanura Wireless). Ibikurikira nibyo byingenzi byingenzi:
Ingano: Kimwe cya gatatu cy'ubunini bw'ikarita y'inguzanyo, birashoboka cyane kubikorwa byashizwemo hamwe nibidukikije bigabanijwe.
Gutunganya: Bifite ibikoresho bya BCM2835 bitunganyirizwa hamwe, 1GHz, ifite RAM 512MB.
Umuyoboro udafite insinga: Yubatswe muri 802.11n Wi-Fi na Bluetooth 4.0 byoroshya inzira yo kugera kuri enterineti idafite umurongo hamwe nu murongo wa Bluetooth.
Imigaragarire: icyambu cya mini HDMI, icyambu cya USB-USB OTG (cyo kohereza amakuru no gutanga amashanyarazi), amashanyarazi yihariye ya USB-USB, hamwe na kamera ya CSI hamwe na 40-pin ya GPIO, inkunga yo kwagura ibintu bitandukanye.
Umubare munini wa porogaramu: Bitewe nubunini bwacyo, gukoresha ingufu nke hamwe nibintu byuzuye, ikoreshwa kenshi mubikorwa bya interineti yibintu, ibikoresho byambarwa, ibikoresho byuburezi, seriveri nto, kugenzura robot nizindi nzego.

Raspberry Pi PoE + HAT ni ikibaho cyagutse cyagenewe umwihariko wa Raspberry PI itanga ingufu nogukwirakwiza amakuru kuri kabili ya Ethernet, ukurikije IEEE 802.11at PoE +. Ibyingenzi byingenzi bya PoE + HAT harimo:
Imbaraga zishyizwe hamwe no guhererekanya amakuru: Emerera Raspberry PI kwakira imbaraga hejuru yumurongo usanzwe wa Ethernet mugihe itumanaho ryihuse ryamakuru rikuraho ibikenerwa nimbaraga zidasanzwe.
Inkunga yingufu nyinshi: Ugereranije na PoE gakondo, PoE + HAT irashobora gutanga ingufu zingana na 25W kugirango zuzuze ingufu zisabwa na Raspberry PI hamwe na peripheri zayo.
Guhuza: Byashizweho kugirango ukore hamwe na moderi yihariye yumuryango wa Raspberry PI, urebe neza guhuza umubiri nu mashanyarazi no koroshya kwishyiriraho no gukoresha.
Cabling yoroshye: Cyane cyane ikwiriye gushyirwaho mubidukikije aho kugera kumashanyarazi bigoye cyangwa aho ushaka kugabanya akajagari hamwe ninsinga, nka sisitemu yo kugenzura igisenge, ibimenyetso bya digitale cyangwa umushinga wa IoT.
Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe: Hamwe nogukoresha ingufu nyinshi mubitekerezo, PoE + HAT mubisanzwe ikubiyemo igisubizo cyiza cyo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe kugirango Raspberry PI ikomeze gukora neza nubwo yakira ingufu nyinshi.