Akayunguruzo kayunguruzo, indorerezi-yuburyo busanzwe, hamwe nisaro ya magneti ni ibishushanyo bisanzwe mumashanyarazi ya EMC, kandi nibikoresho bitatu bikomeye byo gukuraho amashanyarazi.
Kubwuruhare rwaba batatu mukuzunguruka, ndizera ko hari injeniyeri benshi batumva, ingingo iva mugushushanya isesengura rirambuye ryihame ryo gukuraho EMC eshatu zikarishye.
1.Fasitori
Nubwo resonance ya capacitori itifuzwa muburyo bwo kuyungurura urusaku rwinshi, resonance ya capacitor ntabwo yangiza.
Iyo inshuro y'urusaku rugomba kuyungurura igenwa, ubushobozi bwa capacitori burashobora guhinduka kuburyo ingingo ya resonant igwa gusa kumurongo wo guhungabana.
Mubuhanga bufatika, inshuro y urusaku rwa electromagnetique igomba gushungura akenshi iba hejuru ya MHz amagana, cyangwa ndetse irenga 1GHz.Kuri urusaku rwinshi rwa electromagnetic urusaku, birakenewe gukoresha ubushobozi bwa capacitori kugirango ushungure neza.
Impamvu ituma ubushobozi busanzwe budashobora gushungura neza urusaku rwinshi ni ukubera impamvu ebyiri:
.
(2) Indi mpamvu nuko ubushobozi bwa parasitike hagati yinsinga zihuza ibimenyetso byumuvuduko mwinshi, bikagabanya ingaruka zo kuyungurura.
Impamvu ituma ubushobozi bwa capacitori bushobora gushungura neza urusaku rwinshi ni uko ubushobozi bwa capacitori butagira ikibazo gusa ko inductance ya sisitemu itera capacitor resonance frequency iri hasi cyane.
Kandi ubushobozi bwa capacitori burashobora gushirwa muburyo butaziguye kumwanya wicyuma, ukoresheje icyuma kugirango ukine uruhare rwo kwigunga cyane.Ariko, mugihe ukoresheje ubushobozi bwa capacitori, ikibazo cyo kwitondera nikibazo cyo kwishyiriraho.
Intege nke nini za capacitori ni-gutinya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe nubushyuhe bwubushyuhe, butera ingorane zikomeye mugihe cyo gusudira imiyoboro ya kanseri yibikoresho.
Imiyoboro myinshi yangiritse mugihe cyo gusudira.Cyane cyane mugihe umubare munini wibikoresho byingenzi bigomba gushyirwaho kumwanya, mugihe cyose habaye ibyangiritse, biragoye kubisana, kuko iyo capacator yangiritse ikuweho, bizatera kwangirika kwizindi capacatori zegeranye.
2.Ubusanzwe bwa inductance
Kubera ko ibibazo EMC ihura nabyo ari uburyo busanzwe bwo kwivanga, inductors yuburyo busanzwe nimwe murimwe dukunze gukoresha ibintu bikomeye.
Uburyo busanzwe bwa inductor nuburyo busanzwe bwo guhagarika igikoresho cyo guhagarika hamwe na ferrite nkibyingenzi, bigizwe na coil ebyiri zingana kandi numubare umwe wimpinduka zingana muburyo bumwe bwa ferrite impeta ya magneti kugirango ikore igikoresho cya terefone enye. ifite inductance nini yo guhagarika ingaruka kubimenyetso bisanzwe byerekana ibimenyetso, hamwe na inductance ntoya yo gutandukanya ibimenyetso bitandukanye.
Ihame ni uko iyo uburyo busanzwe bugenda butemba, magnetiki flux mumaseti ya magnetique arengana, bityo akagira inductance itari mike, ibuza uburyo busanzwe bugezweho, kandi mugihe ibishishwa byombi bitembera muburyo butandukanye, magnetiki flux mu mpeta ya magnetiki ihagarika undi, kandi hafi ya nta inductance ihari, kuburyo itandukaniro ryubu rishobora kunyura nta attenuation.
Kubwibyo, uburyo busanzwe bwa inductor burashobora guhagarika neza ibimenyetso bisanzwe byerekana uburyo bwo guhuza umurongo uringaniye, ariko nta ngaruka bigira muburyo busanzwe bwo kohereza ibimenyetso bitandukanye.
Inzira zisanzwe zigomba kuba zujuje ibisabwa bikurikira mugihe zakozwe:
.
.
.
.
Mubihe bisanzwe, mugihe twitondera guhitamo umurongo wumurongo usabwa kugirango ushungurwe, nini nini-isanzwe-impedance, nibyiza, bityo rero dukeneye kureba amakuru yibikoresho mugihe duhitamo inductor isanzwe, cyane cyane dukurikije impedance frequency curve.
Byongeye kandi, mugihe uhitamo, witondere ingaruka zuburyo butandukanye bwo gutandukanya ibimenyetso, cyane cyane wibanda kuburyo butandukanye, cyane cyane witondere ibyambu byihuta.
3.Isaro rya magneti
Mubicuruzwa bya sisitemu yumuzunguruko EMC igishushanyo mbonera, dukunze gukoresha amasaro ya magneti, ibikoresho bya ferrite ni fer-magnesium alloy cyangwa fer-nikel alloy, ibi bikoresho bifite imbaraga za magnetique nyinshi, arashobora kuba inductor hagati ya coil ihindagurika mugihe cyo hejuru inshuro nyinshi hamwe no guhangana cyane byabyaye ubushobozi buke.
Ibikoresho bya ferrite mubisanzwe bikoreshwa kumurongo mwinshi, kubera ko kuri frequency nkeya ibintu nyamukuru biranga inductance bituma igihombo kumurongo ari gito cyane.Kumurongo mwinshi, usanga ahanini reaction iranga ibipimo kandi bigahinduka hamwe na frequency.Mubikorwa bifatika, ibikoresho bya ferrite bikoreshwa nkumuvuduko mwinshi wa radiyo yumurongo wa radiyo.
Mubyukuri, ferrite iringaniza ihwanye na parallel yo kurwanya no kwishongora, kurwanywa bigufi bikwirakwizwa na inductor kumurongo muke, kandi inzitizi ya inductor iba ndende cyane kuri frequency nyinshi, kuburyo ibyubu byose binyura mukurwanya.
Ferrite nigikoresho gikoresha imbaraga zumurongo mwinshi zihinduka ingufu zubushyuhe, bigenwa nibiranga amashanyarazi.Isaro ya magnetiki ya ferrite ifite ibyiza-byo hejuru byo kuyungurura kuruta inductors zisanzwe.
Ferrite irwanya imirongo myinshi, ihwanye na inductor ifite ibintu biri hasi cyane, bityo irashobora gukomeza inzitizi ndende kumurongo mugari, bityo bikazamura imikorere yo kuyungurura inshuro nyinshi.
Mumurongo muke muto, impedance igizwe na inductance.Kuri frequency nkeya, R ni nto cyane, kandi magnetique yinjira muri corps ni ndende, bityo inductance nini.L igira uruhare runini, kandi kwivanga kwa electromagnetic guhagarikwa no gutekereza.Muri iki gihe, gutakaza imbaraga za magneti ni nto, igikoresho cyose ni igihombo gito, Q iranga indangamuntu, iyi inductor iroroshye gutera resonance, kuburyo mumurongo muke muto, rimwe na rimwe hashobora kubaho kwivanga kwinshi nyuma yo gukoresha amashanyarazi ya ferrite.
Mumurongo mwinshi cyane, impedance igizwe nibice byo kurwanya.Mugihe inshuro ziyongera, ubwikorezi bwa magnetiki yibintu bigabanuka, bikaviramo kugabanuka kwinduction ya inductor no kugabanuka kwingingo ya reaction ya inductive.
Nyamara, muri iki gihe, gutakaza imbaraga za magneti byiyongera, ibice byo kurwanya biriyongera, bigatuma habaho kwiyongera kwinzitizi zose, kandi iyo ikimenyetso cyumuvuduko mwinshi unyuze muri ferrite, interineti ya electronique irakoreshwa hanyuma igahinduka muburyo yo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe.
Ibikoresho byo guhagarika Ferrite bikoreshwa cyane mubibaho byacapwe byumurongo, imirongo yumuriro numurongo wamakuru.Kurugero, ikintu cyo guhagarika ferrite cyongewe kumurongo wanyuma wumurongo wamashanyarazi wibibaho byacapwe kugirango ushungure umurongo-mwinshi.
Impeta ya magnetiki cyangwa isaro ya magneti ikoreshwa byumwihariko kugirango ihagarike kwihuta kwinshi no guhuza impinga kumirongo yerekana ibimenyetso n'imirongo y'amashanyarazi, kandi ifite n'ubushobozi bwo gukuramo imiyoboro ya electrostatike isohoka.Gukoresha chip magnetic amasaro cyangwa indimu ya chip biterwa ahanini nibikorwa bifatika.
Indimu ya Chip ikoreshwa mumuzunguruko.Iyo urusaku rwa EMI bitari ngombwa rugomba kuvaho, gukoresha amashanyarazi ya chip ni amahitamo meza.
Gukoresha amashanyarazi ya chip magnetique na chip inductors
Indanganturo ya chip:Umuyoboro wa radiyo (RF) hamwe n’itumanaho ridafite insinga, ibikoresho byikoranabuhanga byamakuru, ibyuma bya radar, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki yimodoka, terefone ngendanwa, paji, ibikoresho byamajwi, abafasha ku giti cyabo (PDAs), sisitemu yo kugenzura ibyuma bitagira umugozi, hamwe n’uburyo bwo gutanga amashanyarazi make.
Amashapure ya magnetiki:Imirongo itanga amasaha, kuyungurura hagati yikigereranyo na sisitemu ya digitale, I / O ibyinjira / bisohoka bihuza imbere (nkibyambu byuruhererekane, ibyambu bisa, clavier, imbeba, itumanaho rirerire, imiyoboro yabaturage), imirongo ya RF hamwe nibikoresho byumvikana byoroshye. kwivanga, gushungura inshuro nyinshi byakozwe byivanga mumashanyarazi, mudasobwa, printer, ibyuma bifata amashusho (VCRS), guhagarika urusaku rwa EMI muri sisitemu ya tereviziyo na terefone zigendanwa.
Igice cyamasaro ya magnetiki ni ohms, kubera ko igice cyamasaro ya magnetique ari nominal ukurikije impedance itanga kumurongo runaka, kandi igice cya impedance nacyo ni ohms.
Isaro rya rukuruzi DATASHEET muri rusange rizatanga inshuro nyinshi ninzitizi ziranga umurongo, muri rusange 100MHz nkibisanzwe, kurugero, iyo inshuro ya 100MHz mugihe inzitizi yisaro ya magneti ihwanye na 1000 oms.
Kuri bande yumurongo dushaka kuyungurura, dukeneye guhitamo nini impedance yisaro ya magneti, nziza, mubisanzwe duhitamo 600 ohm impedance cyangwa irenga.
Byongeye kandi, mugihe uhisemo amasaro ya magneti, birakenewe ko twita kumasaro ya magneti, mubisanzwe bikenera guteshwa agaciro na 80%, kandi ingaruka za DC ziterwa no kugabanuka kwa voltage zigomba gutekerezwa mugihe zikoreshwa mumashanyarazi.
Igihe cyoherejwe: Nyakanga-24-2023