Kugenzura ibyiciro bya chip intangiriro
Igenzura rya chip ryerekeza cyane cyane kuri MCU (Microcontroller Unit), ni ukuvuga microcontroller, izwi kandi nka chip imwe, ni ukugabanya inshuro za CPU nibisobanuro bikwiye, hamwe nibuka, igihe, A / D ihinduka, isaha, I / O icyambu hamwe nuruhererekane rwitumanaho hamwe nubundi buryo bukora module hamwe nintera ihuriweho kuri chip imwe.Kumenya imikorere igenzura imikorere, ifite ibyiza byo gukora cyane, gukoresha ingufu nke, programable kandi byoroshye.
Igishushanyo cya MCU cyurwego rwibipimo
Automotive ni agace gakoreshwa cyane muri MCU, nkurikije amakuru ya IC Insights, mu 2019, porogaramu ya MCU ku isi yose mu bikoresho bya elegitoroniki y’imodoka yari hafi 33%.Umubare wa MCUS ukoreshwa na buri modoka muburyo bwohejuru ugera hafi 100, uhereye kuri mudasobwa zitwara, ibikoresho bya LCD, kugeza kuri moteri, chassis, ibice binini kandi bito mumodoka bikenera kugenzura MCU.
Mu minsi ya mbere, 8-bit na 16-bit MCUS byakoreshwaga cyane cyane mu binyabiziga, ariko hamwe nogukomeza kuzamura ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki nubwenge, umubare nubwiza bwa MCUS bisabwa nabyo biriyongera.Kugeza ubu, igipimo cya MC-32-bit ya MCUS mu modoka MCUS kimaze kugera kuri 60%, muri byo intungamubiri za Cortex ya ARM ya Cortex, kubera igiciro cyayo gito no kugenzura ingufu nziza, ni amahitamo nyamukuru y’abakora imodoka za MCU.
Ibipimo nyamukuru byimodoka MCU harimo voltage ikora, inshuro zikora, ubushobozi bwa Flash na RAM, module yigihe hamwe numuyoboro, numero ya ADC numero yumuyoboro, interineti itumanaho ryubwoko numubare, ibyinjira nibisohoka nimero yicyambu I / O, ubushyuhe bwibikorwa, paki imiterere n'urwego rwumutekano rukora.
Igabanijwe na bits ya CPU, imodoka MCUS irashobora kugabanywa cyane mubice 8, 16 bits na 32 bit.Hamwe no kuzamura inzira, igiciro cya 32-bit MCUS ikomeje kugabanuka, kandi ubu yahindutse inzira nyamukuru, kandi igenda isimbuza buhoro buhoro porogaramu n'amasoko yiganjemo 8/16-bit MCUS mu bihe byashize.
Niba bigabanijwe ukurikije umurima wabisabye, imodoka MCU irashobora kugabanywa mubice byumubiri, imbaraga zimbaraga, domaine ya chassis, domaine ya cockpit hamwe nubwenge bwo gutwara bwenge.Kuri domaine ya cockpit hamwe nubutegetsi bwubwenge bwubwenge, MCU ikeneye kugira imbaraga zo kubara hamwe n’umuvuduko mwinshi wo gutumanaho hanze, nka CAN FD na Ethernet.Umubiri wumubiri urasaba kandi umubare munini witumanaho ryitumanaho ryo hanze, ariko imbaraga zo kubara zisabwa muri MCU ziri hasi cyane, mugihe ingufu za domaine hamwe na chassis bisaba ubushyuhe bukabije bwo gukora hamwe nurwego rwumutekano rukora.
Imiyoboro ya Chassis
Indangantego ya Chassis ifitanye isano no gutwara ibinyabiziga kandi igizwe na sisitemu yo kohereza, sisitemu yo gutwara, sisitemu yo kuyobora na feri.Igizwe na sisitemu eshanu, arizo kuyobora, gufata feri, guhinduranya, guterana no guhagarika sisitemu.Hamwe niterambere ryubwenge bwimodoka, kumenyekanisha imyumvire, gutegura ibyemezo no kugenzura imikorere yimodoka zifite ubwenge nuburyo bwibanze bwa domeni ya chassis.Kuyobora-by-wire na drive-by-wire nibyo bintu byingenzi bigize impera yimikorere yo gutwara byikora.
(1) Ibisabwa akazi
Indanganturo ya chassis ECU ikoresha imikorere-yimikorere ihanitse, ikora ibikorwa byumutekano ikora kandi igashyigikira sensor ikomatanya hamwe na sensor nyinshi-inertial sensor.Ukurikije iyi porogaramu isabwa, ibisabwa bikurikira birasabwa kumurongo wa chassis MCU:
· Umuvuduko mwinshi hamwe nimbaraga zisabwa zo kubara, inshuro nyamukuru ntabwo iri munsi ya 200MHz kandi imbaraga zo kubara ntabwo ziri munsi ya 300DMIPS
Umwanya wo kubika Flash ntabwo uri munsi ya 2MB, hamwe na kode Flash hamwe namakuru Flash igabana kumubiri;
· RAM itari munsi ya 512KB;
· Ibisabwa murwego rwo hejuru rwumutekano bisabwa, birashobora kugera kurwego rwa ASIL-D;
· Shigikira 12-bituzuye neza ADC;
· Shyigikira 32-bit bihanitse neza, igihe kinini cyo guhuza;
· Shigikira imiyoboro myinshi CAN-FD;
· Inkunga itari munsi ya 100M Ethernet;
· Kwizerwa kutari munsi ya AEC-Q100 Icyiciro1;
· Shigikira kuzamura kumurongo (OTA);
· Shigikira ibikorwa byo kugenzura software (algorithm y'ibanga ryigihugu);
(2) Ibisabwa
Igice cy'intangiriro:
I. Inshuro nyamukuru: ni ukuvuga, isaha yisaha iyo intangiriro ikora, ikoreshwa muguhagararira umuvuduko wa kernel digitale pulse signal oscillation, kandi numurongo nyamukuru ntushobora kwerekana muburyo bwihuse bwo kubara intangiriro.Umuvuduko wibikorwa bya Kernel nabyo bifitanye isano numuyoboro wa kernel, cache, amabwiriza yashizweho, nibindi.
II.Imbaraga zo kubara: DMIPS irashobora gukoreshwa mugusuzuma.DMIPS nigice gipima imikorere igereranije ya gahunda ya MCU ihuriweho na gahunda iyo igeragejwe.
Ibipimo byo kwibuka:
I. Ububiko bwa kode: kwibuka bikoreshwa mukubika kode;
II.Ububiko bwamakuru: ububiko bukoreshwa mukubika amakuru;
III.RAM: Ububiko bukoreshwa mukubika amakuru yigihe gito na kode.
· Bisi y'itumanaho: harimo bisi idasanzwe yimodoka na bisi isanzwe itumanaho;
· Ibicuruzwa bisobanutse neza;
Ubushyuhe bwo gukora;
(3) Uburyo bw'inganda
Nkuko amashanyarazi nububiko bwa elegitoronike bikoreshwa nabakora amamodoka atandukanye bizatandukana, ibyangombwa bisabwa kumurongo wa chassis biratandukanye.Bitewe nuburyo butandukanye bwuburyo butandukanye bwuruganda rumwe, ECU guhitamo agace ka chassis bizaba bitandukanye.Iri tandukanyirizo rizavamo ibisabwa MCU bitandukanye kuri domeni ya chassis.Kurugero, Amasezerano ya Honda akoresha ibyuma bitatu bya chassis MCU chip, naho Audi Q7 ikoresha ibyuma 11 bya chassis ya MCU.Mu 2021, umusaruro w’imodoka zitwara abagenzi mu Bushinwa zigera kuri miliyoni 10, muri zo ikigereranyo cyo gukenera igare ry’amagare MCUS ni 5, kandi isoko ryose rimaze kugera kuri miliyoni 50.Abatanga isoko nyamukuru ya MCUS murwego rwa chassis ni Infineon, NXP, Renesas, Microchip, TI na ST.Aba bacuruzi mpuzamahanga batanu ba semiconductor bangana na 99% byisoko rya chassis domaine MCUS.
(4) Inzitizi z'inganda
Uhereye kubintu byingenzi bya tekiniki, ibice bigize domaine ya chassis nka EPS, EPB, ESC bifitanye isano rya bugufi numutekano wubuzima bwumushoferi, bityo urwego rwumutekano rukora rwa domaine ya chassis MCU ni muremure cyane, cyane cyane ASIL-D urwego rusabwa.Urwego rwumutekano rukora rwa MCU rurimo ubusa mubushinwa.Usibye urwego rwumutekano rukora, sisitemu yo gukoresha ibice bya chassis ifite byinshi bisabwa cyane kuri MCU inshuro nyinshi, imbaraga zo kubara, ubushobozi bwo kwibuka, imikorere ya peripheri, ubunyangamugayo bwa peripheri nibindi bintu.Indanganturo ya Chassis MCU yashyizeho inzitizi ndende cyane mu nganda, ikenera inganda za MCU zo mu gihugu guhangana no gucika.
Kubijyanye no gutanga amasoko, bitewe nibisabwa byumuvuduko mwinshi hamwe nimbaraga nyinshi zo kubara kuri chip yo kugenzura ibice bigize domeni ya chassis, ibyangombwa bisabwa cyane bishyirwa mubikorwa nibikorwa byumusaruro wafer.Kugeza ubu, birasa nkaho byibura 55nm inzira isabwa kugirango wuzuze MCU inshuro zisabwa hejuru ya 200MHz.Ni muri urwo rwego, umurongo wa MCU wo mu gihugu utuzuye kandi utaragera ku rwego rwo hejuru.Abakora inganda za semiconductor mpuzamahanga bafashe icyitegererezo cya IDM, mubijyanye na fondasiyo ya wafer, kuri ubu TSMC, UMC na GF gusa bafite ubushobozi bujyanye.Abakora chip yo murugo bose ni societe ya Fabless, kandi hariho ingorane hamwe ningaruka zimwe na zimwe mubikorwa bya wafer no kwizeza ubushobozi.
Muburyo bwibanze bwo kubara nko gutwara ibinyabiziga byigenga, gakondo rusange-intego ya cpus iragoye guhuza nibisabwa na comptabilite ya AI bitewe nubushobozi buke bwo kubara, kandi chip ya AI nka Gpus, FPgas na ASics ifite imikorere myiza kuruhande no mubicu hamwe nibyabo ibiranga kandi bikoreshwa cyane.Urebye uko ikoranabuhanga rigenda, GPU izakomeza kuba chip ya AI mugihe gito, kandi mugihe kirekire, ASIC nicyerekezo cyanyuma.Urebye uko isoko ryifashe, isi ikenera chip ya AI izakomeza umuvuduko witerambere ryihuse, kandi ibicu nibicu bigira amahirwe menshi yo gukura, kandi biteganijwe ko umuvuduko w’isoko uzaba hafi 50% mu myaka itanu iri imbere.Nubwo ishingiro rya tekinoroji ya chip yo mu gihugu ridakomeye, hamwe no kugwa vuba kwa porogaramu za AI, ubwinshi bwihuse bwibisabwa bya AI butanga amahirwe ku ikoranabuhanga no kuzamura ubushobozi bwinganda za chip.Gutwara ibinyabiziga byigenga bifite ibisabwa bikomeye kububasha bwo kubara, gutinda no kwizerwa.Kugeza ubu, GPU + FPGA ibisubizo bikoreshwa cyane.Hamwe nogukomera kwa algorithms hamwe namakuru-ashingiye, ASIC iteganijwe kubona umwanya wamasoko.
Umwanya munini urakenewe kuri chip ya CPU yo guhanura amashami no gutezimbere, ukiza leta zitandukanye kugirango ugabanye ubukererwe bwo guhinduranya imirimo.Ibi kandi bituma birushaho kuba byiza kugenzura logic, imikorere ikurikirana hamwe nibikorwa rusange byamakuru.Fata GPU na CPU nkurugero, ugereranije na CPU, GPU ikoresha umubare munini wibice bya computing hamwe numuyoboro muremure, gusa logique yoroshye yo kugenzura no gukuraho Cache.CPU ntabwo ifata umwanya munini gusa na Cache, ariko ifite na logique igoye yo kugenzura hamwe na sisitemu nyinshi zo gutezimbere, ugereranije nimbaraga zo kubara nigice gito gusa.
Imbaraga zo kugenzura imiyoboro
Imbaraga zumucungamutungo nigice cyubwenge bwa powertrain.Hamwe na CAN / FLEXRAY kugirango igere ku micungire yikwirakwizwa, gucunga bateri, kugenzura amabwiriza asimburana, ikoreshwa cyane cyane mugutezimbere imbaraga no kugenzura, mugihe amashanyarazi yubwenge bwamashanyarazi asuzuma ingufu zikoresha ubwenge, itumanaho rya bisi nibindi bikorwa.
(1) Ibisabwa akazi
Imbaraga za domaine igenzura MCU irashobora gushyigikira ibikorwa byingenzi mububasha, nka BMS, hamwe nibisabwa bikurikira:
· Umuyoboro munini cyane, inshuro nyamukuru 600MHz ~ 800MHz
RAM 4MB
· Ibisabwa murwego rwo hejuru rwumutekano bisabwa, birashobora kugera kurwego rwa ASIL-D;
· Shigikira imiyoboro myinshi CAN-FD;
· Shigikira 2G Ethernet;
· Kwizerwa kutari munsi ya AEC-Q100 Icyiciro1;
· Shigikira ibikorwa byo kugenzura software (algorithm y'ibanga ryigihugu);
(2) Ibisabwa
Imikorere ihanitse: Igicuruzwa gihuza ARM Cortex R5 dual-core lock-intambwe CPU na 4MB kuri chip SRAM kugirango ishyigikire imbaraga zo kubara hamwe nibisabwa mubisabwa byimodoka.ARM Cortex-R5F CPU kugeza 800MHz.Umutekano mwinshi: Ibipimo byerekana ibinyabiziga byizewe AEC-Q100 igera mu cyiciro cya 1, naho urwego rwumutekano ISO26262 rukagera kuri ASIL D. Intambwe ebyiri zifunga intambwe CPU irashobora kugera kuri 99% yo kwisuzumisha.Iyubakwa ryamakuru yumutekano module ihuza numero yukuri itunguranye, AES, RSA, ECC, SHA, hamwe nihuta ryibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge bwumutekano wa leta nubucuruzi.Kwishyira hamwe kwimikorere yumutekano wamakuru birashobora guhuza ibikenewe bya porogaramu nko gutangira umutekano, itumanaho ryizewe, kuvugurura porogaramu zizewe no kuzamura.
Igice cyo kugenzura umubiri
Agace k'umubiri gashinzwe cyane cyane kugenzura imikorere itandukanye yumubiri.Hamwe niterambere ryikinyabiziga, umugenzuzi wumwanya wumubiri nawo ni mwinshi, kugirango ugabanye igiciro cyumugenzuzi, kugabanya uburemere bwikinyabiziga, kwishyira hamwe bigomba gushyira ibikoresho byose bikora, uhereye kumbere, hagati igice cyimodoka nigice cyinyuma cyimodoka, nkitara rya feri yinyuma, itara ryinyuma yinyuma, gufunga umuryango winyuma, ndetse ninkoni ebyiri yo kuguma hamwe byahujwe no kugenzura byose.
Igenzura ryumubiri muri rusange rihuza BCM, PEPS, TPMS, Irembo nindi mirimo, ariko kandi irashobora kwagura imyanya yo kugenzura intebe, kugenzura indorerwamo yinyuma, kugenzura ikirere hamwe nindi mirimo, imiyoborere yuzuye kandi ihuriweho na buri gikorwa, kugabana neza kandi neza umutungo wa sisitemu. .Imikorere yumubiri wigenzura ni myinshi, nkuko bigaragara hano hepfo, ariko ntabwo igarukira kurutonde hano.
(1) Ibisabwa akazi
Ibyifuzo byingenzi bya elegitoroniki yimodoka kubikoresho bya MCU bigenzura ni byiza gutekana, kwiringirwa, umutekano, igihe-nyacyo nibindi biranga tekiniki, hamwe nubushobozi bwo kubara hamwe nubushobozi bwo kubika, hamwe nibisabwa byerekana ingufu zikoreshwa.Umugenzuzi wumwanya wumubiri yagiye buhoro buhoro ava mubikorwa byo kwegereza ubuyobozi abaturage ajya kumugenzuzi munini uhuza ibice byose byibanze bya elegitoroniki yumubiri, imikorere yingenzi, amatara, inzugi, Windows, nibindi. kugenzura inzugi zifunga, Windows nibindi bigenzura, urufunguzo rwubwenge rwa PEPS, gucunga ingufu, nibindi.
Muri rusange, ibisabwa byakazi kumikorere yo kugenzura yavuzwe haruguru kubikorwa bya MCU nyamukuru igenzura mu gice cyumubiri bigaragarira cyane cyane muburyo bwo kubara no gutunganya, guhuza imikorere, guhuza itumanaho, no kwizerwa.Kubijyanye nibisabwa byihariye, kubera itandukaniro ryimikorere muburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha ibintu mubice byumubiri, nkimbaraga Windows, intebe zikoresha, tailgate yumuriro nibindi bikoresho byumubiri, haracyakenewe uburyo bunoze bwo kugenzura ibinyabiziga, ibyo bisabwa umubiri bisaba MCU guhuza FOC igenzura algorithm nibindi bikorwa.Mubyongeyeho, ibintu bitandukanye byakoreshwa mubice byumubiri bifite ibisabwa bitandukanye kugirango iboneza rya chip.Kubwibyo, mubisanzwe birakenewe guhitamo agace k'umubiri MCU ukurikije imikorere nibikorwa bisabwa muburyo bwihariye bwo gusaba, kandi hashingiwe kuri ibyo, gupima byimazeyo imikorere yibicuruzwa, ubushobozi bwo gutanga na serivisi tekinike nibindi bintu.
(2) Ibisabwa
Ibipimo byingenzi byerekana ibice byumubiri bigenzura MCU chip nibi bikurikira:
Imikorere: ARM Cortex-M4F @ 144MHz, 180DMIPS, yubatswe muri 8KB amabwiriza Cache cache, shyigikira gahunda yihuta ya Flash yihuta 0 gutegereza.
Ubushobozi bunini bwibanga: kugeza kuri 512K Bytes eFlash, gushyigikira ububiko bwabitswe, gucunga ibice no kurinda amakuru, gushyigikira igenzura rya ECC, inshuro 100.000 zo gusiba, imyaka 10 yo kubika amakuru;144K Bytes SRAM, ishyigikira ibyuma bingana.
Ihuriro ryitumanaho rikungahaye: Shyigikira imiyoboro myinshi GPIO, USART, UART, SPI, QSPI, I2C, SDIO, USB2.0, CAN 2.0B, EMAC, DVP nandi masura.
Kwigana kwinshi-kwigana kwigana: Shyigikira 12bit 5Msps yihuta ya ADC, gari ya moshi-kuri-gari ya moshi yigenga ikora amplifier, igereranya yihuta igereranya, 12bit 1Msps DAC;Shyigikira ibyinjira hanze byigenga bitanga imbaraga za voltage, imiyoboro myinshi ya capacitive touch urufunguzo;Umuvuduko mwinshi DMA mugenzuzi.
Shyigikira imbere RC cyangwa hanze yisaha yo kwinjiza, kwizerwa cyane.
Byubatswe muri kalibrasi RTC isaha-nyayo, shyigikira umwaka usimbuka ikirangantego, ibihe byo gutabaza, kubyuka buri gihe.
Shyigikira igihe kinini cyo kubara.
Ibiranga umutekano murwego rwibikoresho: Encryption algorithm ibyuma byihuta byihuta, bifasha AES, DES, TDES, SHA1 / 224/256, SM1, SM3, SM4, SM7, MD5 algorithms;Ububiko bwa Flash bubika, gucunga ibice byinshi byabakoresha (MMU), TRNG yukuri itanga numero itanga, CRC16 / 32 imikorere;Shigikira kwandika kurinda (WRP), gusoma inshuro nyinshi kurinda (RDP) urwego (L0 / L1 / L2);Shigikira gutangira umutekano, gukuramo progaramu ya encryption, kuvugurura umutekano.
Shyigikira kugenzura kunanirwa kw'isaha no gukurikirana kurwanya gusenya.
96-bit UID na 128-bit UCID.
Ibidukikije byizewe cyane: 1.8V ~ 3.6V / -40 ℃ ~ 105 ℃.
(3) Uburyo bw'inganda
Agace k'umubiri sisitemu ya elegitoronike iri mu ntangiriro yo gukura haba mu mahanga ndetse no mu gihugu imbere.Ibigo by’amahanga nka BCM, PEPS, inzugi na Windows, umugenzuzi wintebe nibindi bicuruzwa bikora kimwe bifite ubutunzi bwimbitse bwa tekinike, mugihe amasosiyete akomeye yo mumahanga afite amakuru menshi kumurongo wibicuruzwa, abashyiraho urufatiro rwo gukora ibicuruzwa bihuza sisitemu .Ibigo byimbere mu gihugu bifite inyungu zimwe mukoresha umubiri mushya wingufu.Fata BYD nk'urugero, mumodoka nshya ya BYD yingufu, agace k'umubiri kagabanijwemo ibumoso n'iburyo, kandi ibicuruzwa byo guhuza sisitemu byongeye guhindurwa no gusobanurwa.Nyamara, kubijyanye na chip yo kugenzura ibice byumubiri, abatanga isoko nyamukuru ya MCU baracyari Infineon, NXP, Renesas, Microchip, ST nabandi bakora chip mpuzamahanga, hamwe nabakora chip murugo ubu bafite umugabane muke ku isoko.
(4) Inzitizi z'inganda
Urebye muburyo bw'itumanaho, hariho inzira y'ubwihindurize yububiko bwa gakondo-hybrid yubatswe-iheruka rya mudasobwa ya mudasobwa.Guhindura umuvuduko witumanaho, kimwe no kugabanya ibiciro byimbaraga zibanze zo kubara hamwe n’umutekano muke wo mu rwego rwo hejuru nurufunguzo, kandi birashoboka ko buhoro buhoro dushobora kumenya guhuza ibikorwa bitandukanye kurwego rwa elegitoronike yumuyobozi wibanze mugihe kizaza.Kurugero, umugenzuzi wumubiri urashobora guhuza gakondo BCM, PEPS, hamwe na ripple anti-pinch.Ugereranije, inzitizi za tekinike za chip yo kugenzura agace k'umubiri ziri munsi yumwanya w'amashanyarazi, agace ka cockpit, nibindi, kandi chip yo murugo biteganijwe ko izafata iyambere mugutera intambwe nini mumibiri yumubiri kandi buhoro buhoro ikamenya gusimburwa murugo.Mu myaka yashize, MCU yo mu gihugu imbere yumubiri imbere ninyuma yisoko ryagize umuvuduko mwiza witerambere.
Igikoresho cyo kugenzura cockpit
Amashanyarazi, ubwenge hamwe nuyoboro byihutishije iterambere ryubwubatsi bwa elegitoroniki n’amashanyarazi mu cyerekezo cyo kugenzura imiyoboro, kandi cockpit nayo iratera imbere byihuse kuva muri sisitemu yimyidagaduro yerekana amajwi n'amashusho kugeza kuri cockpit ifite ubwenge.Cockpit yerekanwe hamwe na interineti ihuza abantu, ariko yaba sisitemu yambere ya infotainment cyangwa cockpit yubu ifite ubwenge, usibye kugira SOC ikomeye ifite umuvuduko wo kubara, ikenera na MCU igihe-nyacyo cyo guhangana nayo. imikoranire yamakuru hamwe n imodoka.Kwamamara buhoro buhoro ibinyabiziga bisobanurwa na software, OTA na Autosar muri cockpit yubwenge bituma ibisabwa kubutunzi bwa MCU muri cockpit bigenda byiyongera.Byerekanwe cyane cyane mubyifuzo byiyongera kubushobozi bwa FLASH na RAM, PIN Count isabwa nayo iriyongera, imikorere iruhije isaba imbaraga zo gukora progaramu ikomeye, ariko kandi ifite bisi ikungahaye cyane.
(1) Ibisabwa akazi
MCU mukarere ka kabine ahanini itahura imiyoborere ya sisitemu, gucunga igihe, gucunga imiyoboro, gusuzuma, guhuza amakuru yimodoka, urufunguzo, gucunga amatara, gucunga amajwi ya DSP / FM, gucunga igihe cya sisitemu nibindi bikorwa.
Ibikoresho bya MCU:
· Inshuro nyamukuru nimbaraga zo kubara bifite ibyo zisabwa, inshuro nyamukuru ntabwo iri munsi ya 100MHz kandi imbaraga zo kubara ntiziri munsi ya 200DMIPS;
Umwanya wo kubika Flash ntabwo uri munsi ya 1MB, hamwe na code Flash hamwe namakuru Flash igabana kumubiri;
· RAM itari munsi ya 128KB;
· Ibisabwa murwego rwo hejuru rwumutekano bisabwa, birashobora kugera kurwego rwa ASIL-B;
· Shigikira imiyoboro myinshi ADC;
· Shigikira imiyoboro myinshi CAN-FD;
· Kugenzura ibinyabiziga Icyiciro AEC-Q100 Icyiciro1;
· Shigikira kuzamura kumurongo (OTA), Flash ishigikira Banki ebyiri;
· SHE / HSM-urumuri urwego no hejuru yamakuru ya encryption moteri irasabwa gushyigikira gutangira neza;
· Kubara Pin ntabwo biri munsi ya 100PIN;
(2) Ibisabwa
IO ishyigikira amashanyarazi yagutse (5.5v ~ 2.7v), icyambu cya IO gishyigikira gukoresha ingufu zirenze urugero;
Ibyapa byinshi byinjira bihindagurika ukurikije voltage ya bateri itanga amashanyarazi, kandi voltage irashobora kubaho.Kurenza urugero birashobora kunoza sisitemu ihamye kandi yizewe.
Ubuzima bwo kwibuka:
Ubuzima bwimodoka burenze imyaka 10, kubwibyo kubika imodoka MCU kubika no kubika amakuru bigomba kugira ubuzima burebure.Ububiko bwa porogaramu no kubika amakuru bigomba kugira ibice bitandukanye byumubiri, kandi ububiko bwa porogaramu bugomba guhanagurwa inshuro nke, bityo kwihangana> 10K, mugihe ububiko bwamakuru bugomba guhanagurwa kenshi, bityo rero bugomba kugira umubare munini wibihe byo gusiba .Reba kuri data flash indicator Kwihangana> 100K, imyaka 15 (<1K).Imyaka 10 (<100K).
Imiyoboro ya bisi y'itumanaho;
Umutwaro w'itumanaho rya bisi ku modoka uragenda urushaho kwiyongera, bityo gakondo CAN CAN ntishobora kongera guhura n'itumanaho, umuvuduko wa bisi yihuta ya CAN-FD ugenda urushaho kwiyongera, gushyigikira CAN-FD byahindutse buhoro buhoro MCU .
(3) Uburyo bw'inganda
Kugeza ubu, igipimo cy’ibikoresho by’imbere mu gihugu MCU kiracyari gito cyane, kandi abatanga isoko baracyari NXP, Renesas, Infineon, ST, Microchip n’abandi bakora inganda mpuzamahanga za MCU.Umubare munini wabakora MCU murugo bari mumiterere, imikorere yisoko iracyagaragara.
(4) Inzitizi z'inganda
Urwego rwubwenge bwimodoka igenzurwa nurwego rwumutekano rukora ntabwo arirwo hejuru cyane, kubera gukusanya ubumenyi bwo kumenya, hamwe no gukenera ibicuruzwa bikomeza kandi bitezimbere.Muri icyo gihe, kubera ko nta murongo wa MCU utanga umusaruro mwinshi muri fab zo mu gihugu, inzira irasubira inyuma, kandi bisaba igihe kugira ngo ugere ku rwego rw’igihugu rutanga umusaruro, kandi hashobora kubaho ibiciro byinshi, hamwe n’igitutu cy’amarushanwa hamwe inganda mpuzamahanga ni nyinshi.
Gukoresha chip yo kugenzura murugo
Imashini igenzura imodoka ishingiye cyane cyane ku modoka MCU, inganda zikomeye mu gihugu nka Ziguang Guowei, Huada Semiconductor, Shanghai Xinti, Zhaoyi Innovation, Ikoranabuhanga rya Jiefa, Ikoranabuhanga rya Xinchi, Beijing Junzheng, Shenzhen Xihua, Shanghai Qipuwei, Ikoranabuhanga ry’igihugu, n'ibindi, byose bifite. imodoka-nini ya MCU ikurikirana, igipimo cyibicuruzwa byo hanze mumahanga, kuri ubu bishingiye kububiko bwa ARM.Ibigo bimwe na bimwe byakoze ubushakashatsi niterambere ryubwubatsi bwa RISC-V.
Kugeza ubu, chip yo kugenzura ibinyabiziga byo murugo ikoreshwa cyane cyane mumasoko yimbere yimodoka, kandi yakoreshejwe kumodoka murwego rwumubiri na infotainment, mugihe muri chassis, domaine power nizindi nzego, iracyiganjemo ibihangange mu mahanga nka stmicroelectronics, NXP, Texas Instruments, na Microchip Semiconductor, kandi ibigo bike byo murugo byabonye ibyifuzo byinshi.Kugeza ubu, uruganda rukora chip yo mu gihugu Chipchi ruzasohoza ibicuruzwa bikurikirana cyane bya E3 bikurikirana bishingiye kuri ARM Cortex-R5F muri Mata 2022, hamwe n’urwego rw’umutekano rukora rugera kuri ASIL D, urwego rw’ubushyuhe rushyigikira AEC-Q100 Icyiciro cya 1, inshuro za CPU zigera kuri 800MHz , hamwe na CPU zigera kuri 6.Nibicuruzwa byiza cyane mubipimo byimodoka isanzwe ikora MCU, yuzuza icyuho mumasoko yo murwego rwohejuru rwumutekano wo murwego rwo hejuru urwego rwimodoka ya MCU, hamwe nibikorwa byiza kandi byizewe, birashobora gukoreshwa muri BMS, ADAS, VCU, na -wire chassis, igikoresho, HUD, indorerwamo yinyuma yubwenge hamwe nibindi bice byingenzi bigenzura ibinyabiziga.Abakiriya barenga 100 bemeje E3 mugushushanya ibicuruzwa, harimo GAC, Geely, nibindi.
Gushyira mubikorwa ibicuruzwa bigenzurwa murugo
Igihe cyoherejwe: Nyakanga-19-2023