1. Ubushobozi bwa electrolytike
Imashanyarazi ya electrolytike ni capacator zakozwe na oxydeire kuri electrode binyuze mumikorere ya electrolyte nkigice cyiziritse, ubusanzwe gifite ubushobozi bunini.Electrolyte ni ibintu byamazi, bisa na jelly bikungahaye kuri ion, kandi capacitori nyinshi za electrolytike ni polar, ni ukuvuga, iyo ikora, voltage ya electrode nziza ya capacitor igomba guhora hejuru kurenza voltage mbi.
Ubushobozi buke bwa capacitori ya electrolytique nabwo butangwa kubindi bintu byinshi biranga, nko kugira umuyoboro munini utemba, inductance nini ihwanye ninshi, ikosa rikomeye ryo kwihanganira, nubuzima buke.
Usibye ubushobozi bwa polar electrolytike, hari nubushobozi buke butari polar.Mu gishushanyo gikurikira, hari ubwoko bubiri bwa 1000uF, 16V ubushobozi bwa electrolytike.Muri byo, binini ntabwo ari polar, naho bito ni polar.
(Imashanyarazi idafite polar na polar electrolytike)
Imbere ya capacitori ya electrolytike irashobora kuba electrolyte yamazi cyangwa polymer ikomeye, kandi ibikoresho bya electrode nibisanzwe Aluminium (Aluminium) cyangwa tantalum (Tandalum).Ibikurikira nububiko busanzwe bwa polar aluminium electrolytike imbere yububiko, hagati yuburyo bubiri bwa electrode hari urwego rwimpapuro za fibre zometse kuri electrolyte, hiyongereyeho urwego rwimpapuro zikingira zahinduwe silinderi, zifunze mugikonoshwa cya aluminium.
(Imiterere y'imbere ya capacitori ya electrolytike)
Gutandukanya ubushobozi bwa electrolytike, imiterere yibanze irashobora kugaragara neza.Kugirango wirinde guhumeka no kumeneka kwa electrolyte, igice cya capacitor pin gishyirwaho na reberi ifunze.
Birumvikana ko igishushanyo cyerekana kandi itandukaniro ryubunini bwimbere hagati ya capacitori ya polarike na polar.Ku bushobozi bumwe na voltage urwego, capacitori idafite polarike ya electrolytike irikubye kabiri inshuro ebyiri.
(Imiterere yimbere ya capacitori idafite polar na polar electrolytike)
Iri tandukaniro ahanini rituruka ku itandukaniro rinini mu gace ka electrode imbere muri capacator ebyiri.Electrode idafite inkingi ya polar iri ibumoso naho electrode ya polar iri iburyo.Usibye itandukaniro ryakarere, ubunini bwa electrode zombi nabwo buratandukanye, kandi ubunini bwa polar capacitor electrode iroroshye.
(Electrolytic capacitor aluminium urupapuro rwubugari butandukanye)
2. Guturika kwa capacitor
Iyo voltage ikoreshwa na capacitori irenze imbaraga zayo zidashobora kwihanganira, cyangwa mugihe polarite yumuvuduko wa capacitori ya polar electrolytike ihinduwe, umuyoboro wa capacitori uzamuka cyane, bikavamo kwiyongera mubushuhe bwimbere bwa capacitor, na electrolyte izabyara gaze nyinshi.
Kugirango wirinde guturika kwa capacitor, hari ibinono bitatu bikanda hejuru yinzu ya capacitor, kugirango hejuru ya capacitor byoroshye kumeneka munsi yumuvuduko mwinshi no kurekura umuvuduko wimbere.
(Igisasu giturika hejuru ya capacitori ya electrolytike)
Nyamara, capacator zimwe murwego rwo kubyaza umusaruro, gukanda hejuru ya groove ntabwo yujuje ibyangombwa, igitutu kiri imbere muri capacitori kizakora reberi yo gufunga hepfo ya capacitor isohoka, muriki gihe umuvuduko uri imbere ya capacitor urekurwa gitunguranye, bizashiraho guturika.
1, iturika rya polar electrolytike capacitor iturika
Igishushanyo gikurikira kirerekana capacitor idafite polarite electrolytike iri hafi, ifite ubushobozi bwa 1000uF na voltage ya 16V.Nyuma ya voltage ikoreshwa irenze 18V, imiyoboro yamenetse yiyongera gitunguranye, kandi ubushyuhe numuvuduko imbere muri capacitor biriyongera.Amaherezo, kashe ya reberi hepfo ya capacitor iraturika, hanyuma electrode y'imbere ikameneka nka popcorn.
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Muguhambira thermocouple kuri capacitor, birashoboka gupima inzira ubushyuhe bwa capacitori ihinduka uko voltage ikoreshwa yiyongera.Igishushanyo gikurikira cyerekana ubushobozi butari polar mu nzira ya voltage yiyongera, iyo voltage ikoreshwa irenze agaciro ka voltage ihagaze, ubushyuhe bwimbere bukomeza kwiyongera.
(Isano iri hagati ya voltage nubushyuhe)
Igishushanyo gikurikira kirerekana impinduka zubu zinyura muri capacitor mugihe kimwe.Birashobora kugaragara ko kwiyongera kwubu arimpamvu nyamukuru yo kuzamuka kwubushyuhe bwimbere.Muri ubu buryo, imbaraga ziyongera ku murongo, kandi uko izamuka ryazamutse cyane, itsinda ritanga amashanyarazi rituma voltage igabanuka.Hanyuma, iyo ikigezweho kirenze 6A, capacitor iraturika hamwe no guturika cyane.
(Isano iri hagati ya voltage nubu)
Bitewe nubunini bwimbere bwimbere ya capacitori idafite polarike ya electrolytike nubunini bwa electrolyte, umuvuduko watewe nyuma yo kurengerwa ni mwinshi, bigatuma ikigega cyorohereza igitutu hejuru yigikonoshwa kitavunika, na reberi ifunga hepfo. ya capacitor irakinguye.
2, polar ya electrolytike capacitor iturika
Kumashanyarazi ya polar electrolytike, voltage ikoreshwa.Iyo voltage irenze voltage ihangayikishijwe na capacitor, umuyonga uva nawo uzamuka cyane, bigatuma capacitori ishyuha kandi igaturika.
Igishushanyo gikurikira kirerekana ubushobozi bwa electrolytike igabanya ubushobozi, ifite ubushobozi bwa 1000uF na voltage ya 16V.Nyuma ya volvoltage, inzira yumuvuduko wimbere irekurwa hifashishijwe ikigega cyo hejuru cyogutabara, bityo inzira ya capacitor iririndwa.
Igishushanyo gikurikira cyerekana uburyo ubushyuhe bwa capacitori buhinduka hamwe no kwiyongera kwa voltage ikoreshwa.Mugihe voltage igenda yegera buhoro buhoro guhangana na voltage ya capacitori, imiyoboro isigaye ya capacitor iriyongera, kandi ubushyuhe bwimbere bukomeza kwiyongera.
(Isano iri hagati ya voltage nubushyuhe)
Igishushanyo gikurikira ni ihinduka ryimyuka yamenetse ya capacitor, nomero 16V ya electrolytike ya capacitori, mugihe cyibizamini, iyo voltage irenze 15V, kumeneka kwa capacitori bitangira kuzamuka cyane.
(Isano iri hagati ya voltage nubu)
Binyuze mubikorwa byubushakashatsi bwa capacitori ebyiri za mbere za electrolytike, birashobora kandi kugaragara ko imipaka yumubyigano wa 1000uF isanzwe ya electrolytike.Kugirango wirinde gusenyuka kwinshi kwa capacitori, mugihe ukoresheje capacitori ya electrolytique, birakenewe gusiga marge ihagije ukurikije ihindagurika ryukuri rya voltage.
3 ，ubushobozi bwa electrolytike mubukurikirane
Iyo bibaye ngombwa, ubushobozi bunini hamwe nubushobozi bunini bwo guhangana na voltage birashobora kuboneka kuburinganire hamwe nurukurikirane.
(capacitori ya electrolytike popcorn nyuma yo guturika gukabije)
Mubisabwa bimwe, voltage ikoreshwa kuri capacitori ni voltage ya AC, nko guhuza ubushobozi bwa disikuru, guhinduranya indishyi zicyiciro, guhinduranya moteri ya moteri, nibindi, bisaba ko hakoreshwa imashini itwara amashanyarazi.
Mu gitabo cyumukoresha gitangwa nabakora inganda zimwe na zimwe, hanatanzwe kandi ko gukoresha imiyoboro ya polar gakondo ikoresheje urukurikirane rw'inyuma, ni ukuvuga ubushobozi bubiri bukurikirana hamwe, ariko polarite ihabanye no kubona ingaruka zitari- imiyoboro ya polar.
(ubushobozi bwa electrolytike nyuma yo guturika birenze urugero)
Ibikurikira nigereranya rya capacitori ya polar mugukoresha amashanyarazi yimbere, voltage ihindagurika, capacitori ebyiri za electrolytike zisubira inyuma mubice bitatu byubushobozi buke butari polar, impinduka zigezweho hamwe no kwiyongera kwa voltage ikoreshwa.
1. Imbere ya voltage nu mashanyarazi
Umuyoboro unyura muri capacitori upimwa muguhuza rezistor ikurikirana.Muburyo bwo kwihanganira voltage ya capacitori ya electrolytike (1000uF, 16V), voltage ikoreshwa igenda yiyongera kuva kuri 0V kugirango bapime isano iri hagati yimyuka iva hamwe na voltage.
(ubushobozi bwiza bw'uruhererekane)
Igishushanyo gikurikira kirerekana isano iri hagati yumuriro wa voltage na voltage ya polar aluminium electrolytike capacitor, iyi ikaba ari isano idafite umurongo hamwe numuyoboro uri munsi ya 0.5mA.
(Isano iri hagati ya voltage nubu nyuma yuruhererekane rwimbere)
2, reba voltage na rezo yamashanyarazi
Ukoresheje umuyoboro umwe kugirango upime isano iri hagati yicyerekezo gikoreshwa na voltage ya electrolytike capacitor yamenetse, birashobora kugaragara uhereye kumashusho hepfo ko iyo voltage ikoreshwa irenze 4V, umuyonga utangira kwiyongera vuba.Uhereye kumurongo wumurongo ukurikira, ubushobozi bwa electrolytike capacitance ihwanye no kurwanya 1 ohm.
(Subiza voltage Isano iri hagati ya voltage nubu)
3. Imiyoboro yinyuma yinyuma
Imiyoboro ibiri isa na electrolytike (1000uF, 16V) ihujwe inyuma-ikurikiranye kugirango ikore capacitori idafite polarike ihwanye na electrolytike, hanyuma hapimwa umurongo uhuza umurongo hagati ya voltage na voltage yamenetse.
(positif positif positif positif)
Igishushanyo gikurikira cyerekana isano iri hagati ya voltage ya capacitori nu muyoboro wa leakage, kandi urashobora kubona ko imiyoboro yamenetse yiyongera nyuma yumuriro wa voltage urenze 4V, naho amplitude iri munsi ya 1.5mA.
Kandi iki gipimo kiratangaje gato, kuko urabona ko imiyoboro yamenetse yibi byiciro bibiri byinyuma-byinyuma mubyukuri birenze ibyuka byumuvuduko wa capacitori imwe mugihe voltage ikoreshwa imbere.
(Isano iri hagati ya voltage nubu nyuma yibyiza nibibi)
Ariko, kubera impamvu zigihe, nta kizamini cyasubiwemo kuri iki kintu.Birashoboka ko imwe muri capacator yakoreshejwe yari capacitori yikigereranyo cya voltage igeragezwa nonaha, kandi hari ibyangiritse imbere, nuko ibizamini byavuzwe haruguru byakozwe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-25-2023